Gravure printing press

H-Propanol and ri-propyl acetate account for about 70% of the U.S. propionaldehyde derivative market. These compounds are used principally in flexographic and gravure inks which require volatile solvents to prevent smearing and ink accumulation on the printing presses. Some propanol is also converted into n-propylamines which aie important pesticide intermediates. -Propanol is also employed as a precursor for glycol ethers. 

The primary printing presses used in plastics are gravure printing, flexography, silk-screen printing, and pad printing. 

There are four principal classes of printing ink, which vary considerably in physical appearance, composition, method of appHcation, and drying mechanism. These also fall into two general types of consistency or viscosity, paste and Hquid. The classes are letter press and Hthographic (Utho) inks, which are called paste inks, and flexographic (flexo) and rotogravure (gravure) inks, which are called Hquid inks (1). 

There was not an opportunity to run a continuous web of hologram material on a print station so that all the steps in the process were tested in sequence. A limited number of methods could be used to plate metals In a printing operation. A method of choice is a viscous plating solution. This could be applied over the catalyzed hologram using a gravure press. It would then be heated to accelerate metal deposition and then washed free of the spent plating solution. 

Liquid inks normally comprise pigments, resins, solvents and additives. Solvents are required to dissolve the resin system, control viscosity and allow the ink to flow. Once they have performed this function, they must evaporate at an appropriate rate determined by the press speed. Since flexography and gravure use very fast press speeds, rapidly evaporating solvents are needed. However, too rapid an evaporation can lead to trapped solvent bubbles and poor print quality too slow an evaporation can require reduced press speeds or result in solvent retention. For this reason, mixed solvents are often used to provide the necessary evaporation profile. 

Photogravure fo-t9-gro- vyur [F, If. phot-+ gravure] (1879) n. Process for making prints from photomechanically prepared intaglio plates. Printing ink handbook. National Association of Printing Ink Manufacturers Inc., Kluwer Academic Press, London, UK, 1976. 

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