Principles of electromigration methods

In the zone electrophoresis method the sample is placed in a definite area of the separation column filled with the electrolyte. After the electrical field has been imposed onto the system, individual particles migrate, according to their effective mobilities with different speeds, towards the respective electrodes (and, concomitantly, both positively and negatively charged particles are separated). The constituents of the mixture are separated into distinct zones, that, however, are not sharp their width increases with the increasing separation time and, consequently, the maximum compound concentration within the zones decreases. 

Due to the necessity of zone stabilization the separation is carried out in suitable stabilizing media (paper, starch, cellulose, etc.). Interactions with the stabilizing media like adsorption, sieving effects or ion exchange can influence considerably the resulting separation. Zone electrophoresis can be compared to elution zone chromatography. 

The moving boundary method is, at its starting phase similar to the zone electrophoresis method. The sample to be separated is, however, present in such a large part of the separation column, that complete separation into individual zones is 

Method materialization One-dimensional Multi-dimensional (two-dimensional) Continuous 

Method of zone stabilization Free flow (in solution) On sorbents Capillary Gel 

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