Primary Energy Sources—Fossil Fuel

The transition from nonrenewable fossil fuel should consider the development of technologies that can use the available energy of the sun. It is reasonable to assume that solar energy will eventually serve as a primary energy source. As we attempt to use solar energy to replace the use of fossil and nuclear fuels, this relationship between solar energy and hydrogen returns and one may not effectively work without the other. 

Diversity of purveyors, transport system and also diversity of sources contribute significantly to security of energy supply and less dependence on monopoly distributor of fossil fuels and primary energy sources can significantly help economical prosperity of regions without own sources, e.g. South Caucasus, Balkans, Central and East Europe. It also helps to avoid different commercial and/or political pressure on the final consumer. From this reason a possibility of using different ways of fossil fuels transport will be discussed. 

At the consumer end, about one-quarter of the primary energy is used as electricity and three-quarters as fuel. The above mentioned primary energy sources must therefore by converted to these energy carriers needed by the consumer. In contrast with the fossil fuels, none of the new primary energy sources can be directly used as a fuel, e.g., for air transportation, land transportation. Consequently, they must be used to manufacture a fuel or fuels, as well as to generate electricity. 

Hydrogen can be produced, in theory, from a variety of sources including primary energy sources and water. In the absence of significant technological breakthroughs in renewable electricity production or unconventional hydrogen-production techniques, natural gas and other fossil fuels will likely continue to be used to create the vast majority of hydro-... 

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