Precautions chemical engineering operations

Howard, W. B. 1992. Use Precautions in Selection, Installation, and Operation of Elames Arresters. Chemical Engineering Progress, 88(4), 69-75. 

Flow conditions may cause a more or less broad distribution of residence times for individual fluid packets or molecules. Effects of variable residence times have to be taken into account in the design and operation of large industrial reactors with adequate precautions the chemical engineer can prevent the undesirable effects of a residence time distribution, or utilize them. 

Human activities are associated with the use and disposal of a variety of chemicals and chemical products. This is the situation for a householder, a laboratory student, and also the industry worker. Many materials have properties that make them hazardous. They can create physical (fire, explosion) or health hazards (toxicity, chemical bums). However, there are many ways to work with chemicals which can both reduce the probability of an accident and reduce the consequences should an accident occur. Risk minimization depends on safe practices, appropriate engineering controls for chemical containment, the proper use of personnel protective equipment, use of the least amount of material necessary, and substitution of a less-hazardous chemical for a more hazardous one. Before beginning any chemical processing or operation, ask What would happen if. .. The answer to this question requires understanding of the hazards associated with chemicals, the equipment, and the procedure involved. The hazardous properties of the material and its intended use will dictate the precautions to be taken. 

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