Gun-powder

These guns were developed to attain much higher impact velocities than those available with powder guns (Crozier and Hume, 1957 Curtis, 1962). Peak velocities in the 7-8 km/s range can be routinely attained, with peak shock pressures approaching 1 TPa in high impedance materials. 

Less energy consumption by reduction of pressure of the powder guns. 

Insert the detonator and glue It in place. Glue one end into the ease. Set the case down with the open end up. Fill the case with black powder, gun powder or a mixture of potassium chlorate and granulated sugar (see Notes). Now glue the other end on the case. 

Second star composition. Take of saltpeter in fine and dry flour ten ounces, of charcoal, of sulfur, of powder (gun-pow der), of antimony (sulfide), and of camphor each two frcscottx. Temper the whole with oil of turpentine, and make it into a powdery (mealy) paste w hich you will put into little cartridges and.you wdll load them in the same manner as rockets [that is, by pounding in the charge]. When you wish to use them, it is necessary to remove the paper wrapper and to cut them into pieces setting a little black match (m che d estoupin) in the middle (of each piece) through a little hole which you will pierce there. 

A newly developed container for shock reaction is shown in Fig. 4.1. The container allows us to shock materials of all forms (solid, liquid, and gas) and to completely recover die shocked sample without laboratoiy contamination. Tlic container is made of stainless steel and consists of two parts, a cylindrical vessel and a lid, that are welded to each other. Before use, the container is baked at 450°C for 3 hto avoid the contamination of organic materials. The container, capped at one end, is filled with a starting material and subseqnently capped at the other end. When gas is used as the starting material, one of the caps is switched to a stop valve. The inner volume of the container is 6 ml. In order to adjust the temperature of the starting material, the container is soaked in a Uquid controlled at a particular temperatme (e.g.. liquid nitrogen 77 K a mixture of dry ice and edianol 193 K and a mixture of ice and water 273 K). When a projectile 15 mm in diameter accelerated by a vertical powder gun strikes the lid of the container, a shock wave is transmitted into the starting material. For an aluminum projectile. 

Nitroglycerine is one of the most important and most frequently used components of explosive materials together with nitroglycol, it is the major component of gelatinous industrial explosives. In combination with nitrocellulose and stabilizers, it is the principal component of powders, gun propellants and smokeless solid rocket propellants (- double base propellants). 

Figure 7. Electrostatic powder guns being used to apply powder coatings to aluminum chairs. Courtesy Ransburg-Geraa.

To take advantage of this process for powder coating, a spray gun can be constructed without a high-voltage power supply. For most coating materials, the ideal material for gun construction would be PTFE since it is positioned at one extreme of the triboelectric series. However, for fluorpolymers, a gun constucted of nylon is best. Nylon is the engineering plastic that is furthest away from PTFE in the triboelectric series, so it provides the best charging of a fluoropolymer powder. The interior of the powder gun is constructed of nylon such that there... 

Black powder (gun powder), the jack-of-all-trades of the older fireworks art, is characterized by versatility, low cost, easy ignitibility, excellent fire transfer properties at a wide range of temperatures and... 

Black powder (gun powder)—An old fashioned mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and a nitrate, becoming obsolete, but still used to a limited extent in pyrotechnics, especially in civilian fireworks. 

FIGURE 27.8 Thermal spraying with a gas combustion/powder gun. 

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