Potassium cyclic triphosphate

The sodium polyphosphate systems produce glasses very easily while it is difficult to make potassium glasses. The milky glassy masses of potassium metaphosphate compositions obtained by quenching the potassium melts are rich in potassium trimetaphosphate, though the phase diagram for the system contains none. Potassium cyclic triphosphate can be made thermally by dehydrating monopotassium orthophosphate with urea at temperatures less than 300 C,... 

The primary mechanism of terbutaline is the stimulation of adenylcyclase, which catalyzes cyclic adenosine monophosphate (AMP) from adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In the liver, buildup of cyclic AMP stimulates glycogenolysis and an increase in serum glucose. In skeletal muscle, this process results in increased lactate production. Direct stimulus of sodium/potassium AT-Pase in skeletal muscle produces a shift of potassium from the extracellular space to the intracellular space. Relaxation of smooth muscle produces a dilation of the vasculamre supplying skeletal muscle, which results in a drop in diastolic and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Tachycardia occurs as a reflex to the drop in MAP or as a result of Pi stimulus. )Si-Adrenergic receptors in the locus ceruleus also regulate norepinephrine-induced inhibitory effects, resulting in agitation, restlessness, and tremor. 

Lithium decreases production of adenosine 3c,5c-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP), and inhibits the recycling of phosphatidyl inositol phosphate to inositol, resulting in a decrease in inositol triphosphate (IP3). Lithium also affects the permeability of membranes to sodium and potassium. 

Fig. 76.2 Polyphenols and polyphenol-rich sources induce endothelial-dependent NO- and EDH-mediated relaxations. Polyphenols are potent inducers of the oidothelial formation of nitric oxide (NO) and endothelium-derived hyperpolarizatitm (EDH) via a redox-soisitive mechanism. SKca small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, IKca intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels, Src Src family kinase, PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, eNOS endothelial NO synthase, L-Arg L-arginine, sGC soluble guanylyl cyclase, GTP guanosine triphosphate, cGMP cyclic guanosine monophosphate, AA arachidonic acid, COX cyclooxygenase, ATP adenosine triphosphate, cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate...

The phosphorus content in some foods can be raised above the natural level using food additives based on polyphosphoric acid salts or salts of phosphoric acid. Polyphosphates are either sodium or potassium salts of polyphosphoric acids with straight chains and different degrees of polymerisation, M +2P 03 +i (6-30) or salts of cyclic polyphosphoric acids, (M POj) (6-31), which are actually oligomers of hydrogenphosphoric acid (m-phosphoric acid), HPO3. The most commonly used materials are sodium and potassium phosphates, especially disodium dihydrogendiphos-phate, tetrasodium diphosphate, sodium triphosphate and the so-called sodium hexametaphosphate. 

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