Sacrum posture

The backbone consists of seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae and three to five coccygeal vertebrae (taUbone sacrum ). The general function of the backbone is to sustain the head, torso and the arms and to make a stable posture possible. The backbone has natural curvatures in the cervical and lumbar areas of the back. Because of these curvatures the shape of the backbone is called a double-S shape . This special shape makes a straight posture possible and prevents overloads of the torso. The function of the shape is to absorb shocks that occur if you walk, run or during other movements whereby the spinal cord has to be protected. The motion in the spine can be realized because of the interaction of the intervertebral disks, joints, ligaments and muscles. 

The axis of motion of the sacrum can be considered using a variety of different reference points. It will vary depending on whether one considers its voluntary postural motions, its motion response to breathing, or its involuntary motion in response to the PRM. 

The lumbar spine consists of five vertebrae, the largest in size is the spinal column. Most congenital anomalies occur to the fifth lumbar vertebra. Both the thoracic spine and the sacrum and pelvis have significant effects on the posture and function of the lumbar spine. When performing an evaluation of the lumbar spine, it is necessary to include these areas in the examination. 

Proper sacral and pelvic joint motion should be achieved in all gait, posture, and spinal motion problems. Because the sacrum Is closely associated with cranial motion, the sacrum must be evaluated as pan of the cranial motion evaluation. Lower extremity dysfunction often results from or may cause pelvic dysfunctions. 

The bursitis has as its cause trauma to the area, acute or chronic, as well as any dysfunction affecting the ischium or the structurai integrity of the knee joint. The patient reports pain at the medial aspect of the knee, but careful palpation will elicit point tenderness below the knee joint that is very specific and localized in its nature. The pain will be made worse with contraction of the semitendinous, sartorius, and gracilis muscles. An evaluation for somatic dysfunctions of the pelvis, sacrum, and lumbar region, as well as the postural balance of the lower extremity, must be performed. Treatment can be a local injection of a steroid, a prescription for a NS AID, ice, exercises, and osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) of all somatic dysfunctions, including knee, hip. and pelvic region. 

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