Posterior uveitis complications

Band keratopathy is a relatively infrequent complication associated with long-standing uveitis. CME may result from the sustained release of prostaglandins however, this complication is fer more likely in cases of intermediate or posterior uveitis. 

Complications associated with anterior uveitis may include cataracts, glaucoma, band keratopathy, and CME. Posterior subcapsular cataracts are the most commonly encountered lenticular change associated with chronic uveitis. Additionally, it is well known that long-term topical steroid use can induce or accelerate posterior subcapsular cataract development. 

Ocular complications are of particular importance iritis can be induced by dying microfilariae and may call for topical or systemic glucocorticoid treatment. Associated complications include chorioretinitis, anterior uveitis, and punctate keratitis. Changes can also occur in the posterior... 

Corticosteroids have been used to treat a variety of ocular diseases. Traditionally, delivery of corticosteroids for posterior-segment eye diseases has been achieved through oral systemic therapy and periocular injections. Oral corticosteroids have not been widely used to treat DME, but when used for posterior inflammatory uveitis, they require high concentrations to reach therapeutic levels in the posterior segment. These high doses often result in systemic side effects (24). Periocular corticosteroid administration often must be repeated and may be associated with complications such as ptosis and inadvertent needle penetration of the globe. 

Karavellas MP, Song M, Macdonald JC, Freeman WR. Long-term posterior and anterior segment complications of immune recovery uveitis associated with cytomegalovirus retinitis. Am J Ophthalmol 2000 130 57-64. 

RFB is a semisynthetic derivative of rifampin that is effective for the prophylaxis and treatment of Mycobacterium avimn complex (MAC) infection as well as M. tuberculosis [55 ]. Anterior uveitis and hypopyon are well-recognised and frequently reported complications of RFB treatment however, posterior involvement is relatively rare. Severe cases may develop dense vitritis with large yellow-white opacities or panuveitis resembling endophthalmitis [56 ]. 

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