Polyvinyl acetate INDEX

Casein adhesives experienced similar problems. Once the industry recognized that they were not waterproof, as was originally believed, they were rapidly replaced by resorcinols in most structural, cold-set applications where pressure was easily applied. Crosslinking polyvinyl acetates became preferable in some nonstructural, cold-set applications. Cheaper PF resins took over those exterior applications that allowed the use of heat and pressure. UF resins took over many interior applications on the basis of superior costs and mold resistance. Although the basic raw material cost is not a complete picture of the costs of its adhesive derivatives, it is a fairly good index. Table III shows how casein and blood compare with their competition at the present time. Although the exact prices of these materials fluctuate considerably, the approximate order of their costs has not changed much in the last 15 years. The materials are listed in order of cost. 

Ethyl alcohol (1869) (alcohol, ethanol, and grain alcohol) n. An alcohol used, in denatured form, as a solvent for ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, and polyvinyl butyrate. The industrial grade of undenatured alcohol usually contains 5 wt% water. Properties bp, 78°C Sp gr. 0.7938/15°C refractive index, 1.367. The pure compound is called absolute alcohol. 

Ethyl Acetate n (1874) CH3COOC2H5. A colorless liquid made by heating acetic acid and ethyl alcohol in the presence of sulfuric acid, then distilling. It is a powerful solvent for ethyl cellulose, polyvinyl acetate, cellulose acetate-butyrate, acrylics, polystyrene, and coumarone-indene resins. It is also used in flexographic and rotogravure inks. Although it is highly flammable, it is the least toxic of common industrial solvents. Properties bp, 77°C sp gr, 0.—901/20°C flp. 0.56°C (31°F) refractive index, 1.373 vp, 77 mm Hg/20°C. Also known as Acetic Ether and Acetic Ester. 

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