Polysomatic series

Leonyuk, L., Babonas, G.-J., Maltsev, V., and Ribakov, V. (1999). Polysomatic series in the structures of complex cuprates. Acta Cryst. A55, 628-34. 

Mellini, M., Ferraris, G., Compagnoni, R. (1985). Carlosturanite HRTEM evidence of a polysomatic series including serpentine. Amer. Mineral., 70, 773-81. 

Thompson, J. B. (1978). Biopyriboles and polysomatic series. Amer. Mineral., 63, 239-49. 

Thompson JB Jr (1978) Biopyriboles and polysomatic series. Am Mineral 63 239-249 Toledano JC, Pateau L, Primot J, Aubree J, Morin D (1975) Etude dilatometrique de la transition ferroelastique de I ortho phosphate de plomb monocristallin. Mat Res Bull 10 103-112 Torres J (1975) Symetrie du parametre d ordre de la transition de phase ferroelastique du phosphate de plomb. Phys Stat Sol B71 141-150... 

Van Tendeloo G, Ghose S, Amelinckx S (1989) A dynamical model for the P i-11 phase transition in anorthite, CaAl2Si20g I. Evidence from electron microscopy. Phys Chem Minerals 16 311-319 Van Tendeloo G, Zandbergen HW, Amelinckx S (1987) Electron diffraction and electron microscopic study of Ba-Y-Cu-0 superconducting materials. Sol Stat Comm 63 389-393 Veblen DR (1991) Polysomatism and polysomatic series A review and applications. Am Mineral 76 801-826... 

Examples abound, especially in minerals. A classic polysomatic series is given by the minerals that are formed by an ordered intergrowth... 

Following the first case treating the polysomatic series of biopyriboles [4], structures of several groups have been described as members of the same polysomatic series (see below). 

The raw structure model of nafertisite was obtained on applying the principles of the polysomatic series and modifying the structures of bafertisite and astrophyllite after noting the following. 

The successful modelling of the crystal structure of nafertisite, according to the principles of modular crystallography, indicated [25, 31, 32] to correlate via a polysomatic series the group of titanium silicates of which the stmctures are based... 

Bafertisite represents the member of the polysomatic series. The corresponding (HOH)g layer is the most versatile among the known /70/7 layers, being able to sandwich a various more or less complex interlayer contents an updated list of more than 30 minerals containing this layer is given elsewhere [33]. 

Relative to the (HOH)g layer, in a (HOH)j astrophyllite-type layer an M module is present between two B modules. The titanosilicates based on a HOH)p layer represent the members B M of the heterophyllosilicate B M polysomatic series and differ from each other only by polytypy (i.e. stacking of the layers) and the chemical nature of the A and Y cations [34, 35]. 

Palygorskite (T), and sepiolite (5) are the end members of a modular series named palysepiole (pa/ygorskite -f sepiohit) polysomatic series P S [47] kalifersite is the P Si member. Falcondoite [51] and loughlinite [52] differ from sepiolite only in the composition of the O sheet in the TOT ribbons the same situation holds for yofortierite [53] and tuperssuatsiaite [54] in comparison to palygorskite. 

Because the sepiolite framework is substantially modified, intersilite is in a plesiotype relationship with the palysepiole polysomatic series. 

A description of the palysepiole polysomatic series and related structures offers the opportunity to mention the main members of the lintisite series of which the crystal stmctures are based on three building modules. One of these modules is a cut of sili-naite [57] (NaLiSi205.2H20 C2/c, a = 14.383, b = 8.334, c = 5.061 A, 13 = 96.6°), a crystal structure that shows a chess-board arrangement of channels and ribbons comparable with that of palysepioles. Modules of silinaite (S) have been used [58] as one of three modules needed to describe the modularity in the lintisite group (Figure 17-14). The other two modules are slabs (L) of the structures of lorenzenite [59]... 

MICA STRUCTURE AND POLYSOMATIC SERIES Layer silicates as members of modular series ... 

The M mica module occurs not only in biopyriboles, chlorites and interstratified clay minerals as mentioned above, but also in some other polysomatic series. Because these series represent different possibilities for the presence of mica-like structures in minerals, it seems useful to shortly describe some of them. 

The palysepiole polysomatic series PpSs (Ferraris et al. 1998) includes minerals whose structures contain one or both the types of TOT ribbons (modules) which are present in palygorskite and sepiolite these ribbons are reminiscent of the TOT modules occurring in amphiboles (Fig. 19). The two modules are ... 

Ferraris G, Khomyakov AP, Belluso E, Soboleva SV (1998) Kalifersite, a new alkaline silicate from Kola Peninsula (Russia) based on a palygorskite-sepiolite polysomatic series. Eur J Mineial 10 865-874 Filut MA, Rule AC, Bailey SW (1985) Ciystal stincture refinement of anandite-20r, a barium- and suUur-bearing trioctahedral mica. Am Mineral 70 1298-1308... 

Take uchi Y, Sadanaga R (1959)The crystal structure of xanthophylhte. Acta Crystallogr 12 945-946 Thompson JB Jr (1978) Biopyriboles and polysomatic series. Am Mineral 63 239... 

Veblen, D.R. (1991). Polysomatism and polysomatic series A review and applications , Amer. Mineral. 76, 801-826. 

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