Polyporus hispidus

Codeine cannot be demethylated to morphine chemically.]- If it is heated with hydriodic acid no methyl iodide is evolved [169, 209-11], but the latter is evolved copiously when codeine is heated with hydriodic acid and red phosphorus [169, 211-212], the other products being intractable, varnish-like substances obtainable in the same way from morphine [213] and supposed to consist of polymers of morphine and codeine. These so-called polymers were also obtained during the action of hydrochloric and hydrobromic acids on the bases, and were the subject of an inconclusive series of investigations by Wright [169, 170, 213-14 inc.]. There is no real evidence for the existence of the polymers. Biological demethylation of codeine by various enzymes and by the glycerol extract of the mould Polyporus hispidus in nine to twelve days at 25-37° C. has been reported [225]. 

However, the presence of a chain-shortening reaction of CA via a non-oxidative mechanism was shown in cell-suspension cultures of Vanilla planifolia. The formation of BA does not involve cinnamoyTCoA esters as intermediates [28]. A similar reaction mechanism was reported in the conversion of p-coumaric acid to / -hydroxybenzoic acid in the cell-free extracts of potato tubers, Polyporus hispidus and Lithospermum erythrorhizon [29,30]. 

I. Hispidin, a New 4-Hydroxy-6-styryl-2-pyrone from Polyporus hispidus (Bull.) Fr. 

Styrylpyrone Biosynthesis in Polyporus hispidus II. Enzymic Hydroxylation... 

Hispidin Biosynthesis in Cultures of Polyporus hispidus. Phytochem. 12, 589... 

Towers, G.H.N., C.P. Vance, and A.M.D. Nambudiri Photoregulation of Phenyl-propanoid and Styrylpyrone Biosynthesis in Polyporus hispidus. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry 8, 81 (1974). 

Properties of Hydroxycinnamate Co A Ligase from Polyporus hispidus. Phytochem. 14, 967 (1975). 

Vance, C.P., E.B. Tregunna, A.M.D. Nambudiri, and G.H.N. Towers Styryl-pyrone Biosynthesis in Polyporus hispidus I. Action Spectrum and Photoregulation of Pigment and Enzyme Formation. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 343, 138 (1974). 

Zur Chemie der Hoheren Pilze XIV. Uber Lactarius rufus Scopol., Lactarius palli-dus Pers. und Polyporus hispidus Fr. Monatsh. Chem. 41, 443 (1920). 

Polyporus hispidus catalyze (via a phenol oxidase ) the conversion of hispidin 53 to a cell wall polymeric substance, considered to possess properties akin to lignin (58, 59). Hispidin-like dimers have also been isolated from Hypholoma fasciculare, Pholiota flammans and Phellinus pomaceus (57). 

Vance, C.R, Tregunna, E.B., Nambudiri, A.M.D., and Towers, G.H.N., Styryl pyrone biosynthesis in Polyporus hispidus. Part 1, Action spectrum and photo regulation of pigment and enzyme formation, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 343, 138, 1974. 

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