Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol

Furthermore, in a series of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol nonionic surfactants, the value of varied linearly with the HLB number of the surfactant. The value of K2 varied linearly with the log of the interfacial tension measured at the surfactant concentration that gives 90% soil removal. Carrying the correlations still further, it was found that from the detergency equation of a single surfactant with three different polar sods, was a function of the sod s dipole moment and a function of the sod s surface tension (81). 

A dispersant of polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether by 1 wt. % and UDP with different weight ratios were added into base oils such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polyester... 

Coated magnetite particles have to be wetted in order to disperse them in water. Alkylaryl polyether alcohols with 10-15 moles of ethylene oxide are adsorbed on oleate coated Fe O particles and thus make them wettable. Triton N-101 (Rohm and Hass), which is polyoxyethylenated nonylphenol... 

CAS 9016-45-9 (generic) 37205-87-1 (generic) 68412-54-4 (generic) Synonyms Glycols, polyethylene, mono (nonylphenyl) ether Nonylphenol ethoxylates Nonylphenol, polyoxyethylene ether Nonyl phenyl polyethylene glycol Nonyl phenyl polyethylene glycol ether Polyethylene glycol nonyl phenyl ether Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol Classificatbn Ethoxylated alkyl phenol Formula (CjH O), CisHj O... 

Polyoxyethylene-grafted polydimethylsiloxane. See Dimethicone copolyol Polyoxyethylene monoglycerides. See Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides Polyoxyethylene monolaurate. See PEG laurate Polyoxyethylene mono (octylphenyl) ether. See Octoxynol Poly (oxyethylene) monooleate. See PEG oleate Polyoxyethylene monostearate. See PEG stearate Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol. See Nonoxynol Poly (oxyethylene) oleate Poly (oxyethylene) oleic acid ester. See PEG oleate... 

Polyoxyethylene nonylphenol. SeeNonoxynol Poly(oxyethylene)-p-t-octylphenyl ether. See Octoxynol-200... 

The effect of electrolyte on the surface activity of aqueous solutions of nonionic surfactants is much less pronounced. Schick [8] has reported a small increase in the saturation adsorption following the addition of sodium chloride to solutions of polyoxyethylene nonylphenols. The slope of the y versus log concentration plot is also slightly increased in the presence of salt [9] indicating closer packing in the adsorbed monolayers. 

The lower consolute temperature decreases essentially linearly with salt concentration, but the effectiveness of salts does not follow the ionic strength principal. The order of the ions in effectiveness in salting out the polymer, shown in Table 3, resembles the Hofmeister series for proteins (15) and is similar to that found by Schick in the study of the critical micelle concentration for polyoxyethylene nonylphenol solutions (16). 

Commercial admixtures employed were a polyalkyl aryl sulfonate-type high range water-reducing agent, four polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether-type... 

Epoxy-modified mortars which are prepared by mixing most popular bisphenol A-type epoxy resin with commercial modified polyamide-amine hardener, polyalkyl aryl sulfonate-type water-reducing agent, polyoxyethylene nonylphenol ether-type nonionic surfactant and silicone emulsion-type antifoamer into cement mortar have excellent properties comparable to ordinary polymer-modified mortars using latex-type cement modifiers[5]. The optimum mix proportions of the epoxy-modified mortars are shown in Table 2. Their disadvantage is a need of much higher polymer-cement ratio than the ordinary polymer-modified mortars. Therefore, the development of low-cost, effective dispersants is expected in the near future. 

Schdnherr and his co-workers have examined the effects of surfactants on cuticle permeability and their mechanism of action. Geyer and Schon-herr reported that polyoxyethylene p-t-octylphenol and polyoxyethylene nonylphenol (HLB 4-16) increased water permeability by a factor of 2 while polyoxyethylene alkylether (HLB 5-13) increased it 7- to 8-fold. The cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HLB 18.5) also... 

There is no molecular interaction between nonionic surfactants with an ethylene-oxide chain, i.e. Genapol and ethoxylated nonylphenols. Indeed, research by Nishikido (6) on polyoxyethylene laurylethers (5 < E.O. number < 49) has shown the ideal behavior (p12 = 0) of their mixtures. Likewise, Xia (7) has found very low p12 values for mixtures of ethoxylated fatty alcohols. 

Leukoderma was reported in two women engaged in degreasing metal parts with synthetic detergents containing polyoxyethylene (3-16), nonyl- or octylphenylether. Analysis revealed contamination with free alkylphe-nol, possibly octylphenol, or nonylphenol. Although a relationship between the cases of leukoderma and octyl- and nonylphenol exposure was suggested, it could not be confirmed. ... 

A 62 35 3 ethyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate-acrylic acid copolymer latex was prepared by continuous addition of the monomer mixture over a 4-hour period at 80° (22). The emulsifier was a sodium lauryl ether sulfate-nonylphenol polyoxyethylene adduct (20 moles ethylene oxide) mixture, the initiator a potassium persulfate-sodium hydroxulfite mixture, and the buffer a sodium bicarbonate-potassium hydroxide mixture. The final latex of pH 6.5 contained 40% solids, and the Tg of the copolymer was 13°. 

The material balance of the strong-acid groups showed a theoretical total of 0.194 meq/gm polymer from the sodium lauryl ether sulfate, potassium persulfate, and sodium hydrosulfite, in comparison with a measured total of 0.205 meq/gm (0.026 on particle surface 0.179 in serum) by serum replacement and a total of 0.215 meq/gm by ion exchange with Dowex 50W(H+). The material balance of the acrylic acid showed that 29.9% was on the particle surface, 28.6% in the aqueous serum, and 41.5% buried inside the particle. The sodium lauryl ether sulfate found in the serum amounted to 78% of that added by Hyamine 1622 titration and 88% by thin-film chromatography. The nonylphenol polyoxyethylene adduct amounted to 113% by iodine-iodide titration and 91% by thin-film chromatography. ... 

Thus these characterization results not only give the distribution of the acrylic acid between the aqueous serum, particle surface, and particle interior, but also account satisfactorily for the total number of strong-acid groups arising from the anionic emulsifier and initiator. In addition, both the sodium lauryl ether sulfate and the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene adduct used in the polymerization were recovered from the fractions obtained by serum replacement. 

They are now being replaced by the polyoxyethylene derivative of straight-chain primary or secondary alcohols with C10-C18. These linear alcohol ethoxylate nonionic surfactants are more biodegradable than nonylphenol derivatives and have better detergent properties than linear alkylbenzenesulfonate. 

Figure 3. Relationship between the number of moles of ethylene oxide in octylphenol (%), nonylphenol ( ), or laurylphenol ( J) polyoxyethylene glycol ether surfactant molecules and the toxicity index of these surfactants in mixtures with (a) paraquat, (b) dalapon, and (c) amitrole on corn plants. Herbicides applied at 1/64, 10, and 5 lb./ acre, respectively surfactant concentration was 0.005M in all cases. Toxicity index calculated by expressing fresh weight for each treatment as percentage of untreated control and subtracting this value from 100 (58)...

FIGURE 5.47 Comparison between the theory of cyclic dimpling (the lines) and the experimental data (the points) for the dimple shape, h r), determined from the interference fringes (see Figure 5.46b) emulsifier is anionic surfactant sodium nonylphenol polyoxyethylene-25 sulfate and the oil phase is styrene. 

A similar detergency maximum at almost the same oxyethylene content has been observed in the removal of oily soil from metal surfaces using similar surfactants in an alkaline, built formulation (Komor, 1969). The maximum here is at 68% oxyethylene (about 11 oxyethylene units per nonylphenol) at bath temperatures from 40 to 80°C. For a series of polyoxyethylenated nonrandom linear alkylphenols with Cg-Cig alkyl chains, optimum removal of sebum soil from cotton at 49°C and 50 and 300 ppm water hardness was obtained at 63-68% oxyethylene content (Smithson, 1966). A study of the removal of oily soil from cotton and permanent press cloths, and of clay from permanent press cloths by commercial POE alcohols, showed that POE Ci2-Ci4 alcohols with 60% or greater ethylene oxide content achieved the best soil removal (Cox, 1989). 

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