Polymethacrylate and Polyvinyl Resins

8 mmol/L H3BO3 + 1.4 mmol/L potassium gluconate (pH 8.5) + 120 mL/L acetonitrile flow rate 1.2 mL/min detection direct conductivity injection volume 100 pL solute concentrations 5 to 40 mg/L (taken from [26]). 

Much shorter analysis times can be achieved by using the acrylate-based stationary phase LCA A03 from Sykam and the IC-Al being manufactured by Shimadzu. The selectivities of these phases are clearly shown in Figs. 3-14 and 3-15, respectively. 

5 mmol/L phthalic acid + 2.4 mmol/LTris flow rate  

According to the manufacturer, fluoride determination can be compromised by glycolate and lactate in the sample Ukewise, tartrate, malate, and malonate can interfere with sulfete. 

Similar observations are made with the macroporous anion ejoihanger based on hydroxyethylmethacrylate from AUtech (Deerfield, USA) known under the trade name Universal Anion [28]. This stationary phase consists of a 2-hydroxy-ethyhnethacrylate polymer that is cross-linked with ethylenedimethacrylate and 

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Styrene/divinylbenzene copolymers, polymethacrylate, and polyvinyl resins are the most important organic compounds that were tested for their suitability as substrate materials in the manufacturing process for polymer-based anion exchangers. 

Table 3-3. Structural and technical properties of surface-aminated polymethacrylate and polyvinyl resins.

Polymethacrylate and polyvinyl resins play only a secondary role in the manufacture of cation exchangers. Presently, the only polymethacrylate-based cation exchanger is offered by Sykam (Gauting, Germany) under the trade name LCA K02. This column differs from its PS/DVB analogue (see Table 3-24) only in the particle size (5 pm) and exchange capacity (0.4 mequiv/g). With a tartaric acid eluent, this phase is preferred for the analysis of heavy and transition metals. 

For many years, the only polyvinyl alcohol-based anion-exchange resins were available from Interaction Chemicals (Mountain View, CA, USA) under the trade names ION-100 and ION-110 [30]. These macroreticular resins were stable at pH values between 0 and 14, thus allowing the use of a variety of eluents. However, in comparison with polymethacrylate resins such as TSK Gel IC-PW, this stationary phase exhibited a much lower chromatographic efficiency [31]. 

Saponification methods have been applied to the determination of ester groups in alkyd resins [55-57], polyesters, cellulose, polyvinyl esters, polyacrylates and polymethacrylates [58-60]. 

PMR spectroscopy has been applied to the characterisation of a wide range of homopolymers including PMMA [286-289], PVC [290-294], PS [293, 295, 296], polyvinyl ethers [297-300], polyacrylic acid [301], poly(methyl-a-chloroacrylate) [302], carboxy terminated polybutadiene [303], poly(a-methyl styrene) [304], natural rubber [305-307], chlorinated polyisobutylenes [308], sulfonated PS resins [309, 310], polyvinyl phenyl ether [311], lactone polyester [312], chlorinated PVC [313], PC [314], poly 1,3 butadiene [315], poly-2-allyl phenyl acrylate [316], poly(4-methyl-pentene-1) [317], polymethacrylic acid [318], PP [296], cyclic ethers [319], polymethacrylonitrile [320], poly(a-methyl styrene) tetramer [321], PEG [322], PE [289], polyacrylamide [311], polymethylacrylamide [323], polypyrrolidone [324], polychloroprene [325], phenol formaldehyde resins [326, 327], Nylon 66 [328], polyvinylidene fluoride [329], polyvinyl formate [330], polyacrylonitrile [331], epoxy resins [332], allyl biguanide [333], poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazollines) [334] and trehalose vinyl benzyl ether [335]. 

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