Polymers with intrinsic

The present authors12,13) also studied the polymerization of 2 with boron tri-fluoride etherate as the initiator. High molecular weight polymers with intrinsic viscosities up to 1.87 dl/g were obtained in methylene chloride at —78 °C. The polymers melted at 160—180 °C, and showed some crystallinity as observed by X-ray diffraction. 

Apart from the tunable color emission covering the full visible range, there are several other aspects supporting the interest in PTs for PLEDs. PTs are examples of classical conjugated polymers with intrinsic one-dimensionality of the polymer chain. Alignment can induce anisotropy in macroscopic properties such as electron transport or optical properties. Polarized... 

Another approach to CPL is the synthesis of conjugated polymers with intrinsic chiro-optical properties. A variety of polymers with CPPL have been synthesized so far. Most of them are based upon well-known conjugated polymers such as poly(thiophene)s [4,111], polyphenylene vinylene)s [123], poly(thienylene vinylene)s [124], ladder polymers [125], PPPs [126], polyphenylene ethynylene)s, [127] and poly(fluorenes) [128]. All of them have been modified with chiral side-chains, which induce the chiro-optical properties. 

Table 2. Polymers with intrinsic anticancer activity...

Substitution of the 1,4-phenylene unit with 2,5-thiophene has also been investigated as a backbone deviation in PBZT [49] and PBZO [50] systems. A catenation angle of 148° was introduced in both systems resulting in anisotropic reaction mixtures at concentration above 10% by weight. Evers et al. polymerized the mono, di and tri-thiophene moieties as diacid chlorides with l,4-dimercapto-2,5-diamino-1,4-benzene dihydrochloride in PPA to give polymers with intrinsic viscosities in the range of 5-8 dL/g. All these materials... 

Figure 2.5 Molecular building units of polymers with intrinsic microporosity [69]. Reproduced with permission of the PCCP Owner Societies.

Polymers with intrinsic microporosity (PlMs) have recently been introduced... 

Polyanhydrides can be synthesized by melt condensation of trimethylsilyl dicarboxylates and diacid chlorides to yield polymers with intrinsic viscosities up to 0.43 dl/g [31, 32] ... 

Conjugated polymer with intrinsic 3.4 Electro-oxidation of alcohols and ... 

Conjugated polymer with intrinsic electrocatalytic properties... 

The intensive search for other types of microporous materials that started less than a decade ago resulted in the development of polymers with intrinsic microporosity (PIMs see Chapter 9, Section 3.8) and... 

In this section, we review three representative cases of flow-induced mesophases. PET serves as an example of a semi-rigid polymer with intrinsic rigid building blocks. The shear-induced smectic ordering in the flexible-chain polymer iPP provides a special case of induced rigidity, which is still far from fully understood. PDES has been chosen as an example of a stretch-induced condis crystal. Various experimental techniques have been employed to characterize flow-induced mesophases. While scattering methods probe the ordering, a direct technique to measure the molecular mobility is nuclear... 

Finally we mention that draw-induced mesophases have also been observed in some other semi-rigid chain polymers. Examples of such studies are cold drawing of glassy PEN [108,109] and oriented crystallization of PET/PEN copolymers [110, 111]. In all cases a smectic mesophase has been reported. In the absence of crystallization it can attain a degree of stability that resists decay from chain relaxation. This supports the view that the mesophase represents a thermodynamic state [101]. We expect that similar mesophases based on semi-rigid monomers can be observed in other polymers with intrinsic rigid building blocks, such as other aromatic polyesters and polyamides. 

M. Heuchel, D. Fritsch, P. M. Budd, N. B. McKeown, D. Hofmann, Atomistic packing model and free volume distribution of a polymer with intrinsic microporosity (PIM-1), J. Membr. Sci., 318, 84-99 (2008). 

Ktirti and Surjan, 1990 Karpfen and Kertesz, 1991 Kiebooms et al 1995). Quinonoid polymers with intrinsic bandgaps significantly lower than 1 eV without doping have not yet been synthesized. 

Polymers with intrinsic microporosity, abbreviated as PIMs, were developed for the first time by McKeown and Budd. The general design strategy involves incorporation of extended aromatic components within a rigid polymer network in order to imitate the structural layout of graphene sheets of activated carbons.The principle behind the synthesis of PIMs employs non-reversible condensation reactions to form polymers. These polymers cannot efficiently fill the space and pack together due to components that are rigid and ladder-like, and thus force the backbone of the polymer to twist or turn. 

Polymers with intrinsic microporosily, also abbreviated as PIMs, are soluble porous polymers formed from non-reversible condensation methods. These polymers cannot pack efflcientiy in the solid state due to rigid ladder-like components. Tliese polymers have a site of contortion in their stmcture and are known for their properties, including gas permeation and selective separation. 

The book was initially eonstrueted with a historical development sequenee of porous polymers eombined with illustrations of structure-property correlations. Eaeh ehapter provides an example of a particular element of porous polymers. Chapter 1 provides a summary of porous polymers and discusses the relationship between structure and function. In Chapter 2, the design principles of porous polymers are diseussed and modification methods are introdueed, while Chapter 3 introduees the synthetic routes and reactions used in polymerization. An understanding of these reactions is essential if we are to understand the origin of the ordered or amorphous structure of porous polymers. Chapter 4 describes the first porous polymers, developed in the 1990s and named hypercrosslinked polymers or Davankov-type resins. Chapter 5 focuses on the first soluble polymer with intrinsic microporosity that was reported in 2002. Meanwhile, Chapter 6... 

Polymers with Impurity Chromophores. Although all the polymers with intrinsic chromophores are inherently sensitive to degradation, at least some are regarded as relatively stable materials, able to resist solar exposure for long... 

ORGANOMETALLIC CONDUCTIVE POLYMERS WITH INTRINSIC INTRACHAIN METAL-METAL ELECTRONIC INTERACTION (CONJUGATED SYSTEM)... 

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