Polymeric composites polystyrene compounds

Reaction of the arene ruthenium precursor 200 with polystyrene and hydrogen leads to the loss of both cycloolefins and gives a polymeric ruthenium complex, used for catalytic hydrogenation, for which EXAFS indicated a Ru—C distance of 2.05 A. A similar reaction of derivative 200 with 1,3-diphenylpropane gives complex 203 and a compound of composition (diphenylpropane)Ru2 (204) (129,130) [Eq. (18)]. 

Polystyrene For polystyrene, both covalently and noncovalently bound composite materials with carbon nanotubes are known. Polystyrene, like the methacrylates, can be generated by surface-initiated radical polymerization on nanotubes functionalized with initiator molecules (in analogy to Figure 3.86). Suitable substances then actually include analogous compounds like in the case of polymethacrylates. 

The instrumental aspects and applications of stress mass spectrometry (stress MS) to polymeric materials is reviewed critically from the inception of the technique to the present. Stress MS experiments are performed by mechanically deforming polymeric materials directly in the ion source housing of a time-of-flight mass spectrometer and mass analyzing the evolved volatile compounds. This technique has been applied to the study of stress-induced chemical reactions in polymeric materials, i.e., mechanochemistry, and to the characterization of residual volatile compounds in intractable polymer and composite matrices. Several polymeric systems ranging from polystyrene to fiber-epoxy composites have been studied by this technique. The significance of results achieved to date is assessed, and a systematic framework for further studies is developed. 

Another antistatic composition comprises a 10 90 blend of PHT and polystyrene [778] or polyheteroaromatic compounds, e.g. PBT, and polymeric sulfate [671], or an electrically non-conductive polymer matrix and POT [779]. Silver halide photographic materials containing electrically conductive polymers, e.g. PT, PMT, PET, poly(3-methoxythiophene), poly(3-cyanothiophene), poly(3-fluorothiophene), poly(3-nitrothiophene), poly(3-bromothiophene), poly-(3,4-dibromothiophene), poly(3,4-dimethylthiophene), are claimed to have improved antistatic properties [780-783]. 

Many synthesis methods for nanopartides of these materials and thdr surface functionalization have been devdoped. Nanocomposites based on polyolefins were prepared by mdt compounding with nanoscaled ZnO and 1102. Amphiphilic copolymers and surfadants were used to stabilize pattides for film casting in polystyrene, " polycarbonate, and PMMA. By in situ partide preparation in MeOH and subsequent mixing with acetone and PMMA for solvent evaporation transparent ZnO/PMMA films could be realized even without further surface modification. Poly(acrylic add-co-sodium aaylate)/ZnO composite latex partides were obtained via inverse miniemulsion polymerization. ... 

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