Polymer superionic

The MD technique has now been used to explore the nature of S(Q,io) in a wide variety of crystals and important new insights have been gained. In the future the method will likely be extended to hydrogen bonded solids and other more complicated molecular solids, polymers, superionic conductors (28), liquid crystals, and two-dimensional films (29). Equally novel and important results can be expected there also. 

Electrochemistry is concerned with the study of the interface between an electronic and an ionic conductor and, traditionally, has concentrated on (i) the nature of the ionic conductor, which is usually an aqueous or (more rarely) a non-aqueous solution, polymer or superionic solid containing mobile ions (ii) the structure of the electrified interface that fonns on inunersion of an electronic conductor into an ionic conductor and (iii) the electron-transfer processes that can take place at this interface and the limitations on the rates of such processes. 

The idea that ions can diffuse as rapidly in a solid as in an aqueous solution or in a molten salt may seem astonishing. However, since the 1960s, a variety of solids that include crystalline compounds, glasses, polymers, and composite materials with exceptionally high ionic conductivities have been discovered. Materials that conduct anions (e.g. and 0 ) and cations including monovalent (e.g. H+, Fi+, Na+, Cu+, Ag+), divalent, and even trivalent and tetravalent ions have been synthesized. A variety of names that have been used for these materials include solid electrolytes, superionic conductors, and fast-ionic conductors. Solid electrolytes arguably provides the least misleading and broadest description for this class of materials. 

The first volume of this Handbook contains brief reviews dealing with the general methodology of solid-state electrochemistry, with the major groups of solid electrolytes and mixed ionic-electronic conductors, and with selected applications for electrochemical cells. Attention is drawn in particular to the nanostructured solids, superionics, polymer and hybrid materials, insertion electrodes, electroanalysis and sensors. Further applications, and the variety of interfacial processes in solid-state electrochemical cells, will be examined in the second volume. 

Makiura, R., Yonemura, T., Yamada, T., Yamauchi, M., Ikeda, R., Kitagawa, H., et al. (2009). Size-controlled stabilization of the superionic phase to room temperature in polymer-coated Agl nanoparticles. Nature Materials, 8, 476-480. 

Fan J, Marzke R F, Sanchez E and Angell C A (1994) Conductivity and nuclear spin relaxation in superionic glasses, polymer electrolytes and the new polymer-in-salt electrolyte, J Non-Cryst Solids 172-174 1178-1189. 

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