Polymer solubility, in organic solvents

Of especially great interest are processable polyimides e.g., polymers soluble in organic solvents or demonstrating large windows between their softening and degradation temperatures. Usually such polyimides are based on expensive and not easily available monomers such as systems containing... 

The presence of flexible alkyl or alkoxy groups in the 3-ring position or the N center of polypyyrole renders the polymer soluble in organic solvents. The appropriate 3-alkyl substituted pyrrole monomers may be synthesized by Friedel-Crafts... 

The synthesis of poly(l,4-naphthylenevinylenes) (PNV) can be effected by the ROMP of benzobarrelenes. The introduction of Ce or Cn alkyl substituents to the backbone of the rigid, planar PNV structure renders the polymer soluble in organic solvents. Doped films of these polymers show excellent conductivity (Pu 1996). 

Highly luminescent polymers soluble in organic solvents. High electron affinity affords improved electron transport. 

Tokito, S., Momii, T., Murata, H.,Tsutsui,T, Saito, S., 1990. Polyarylenevinylene films prepared from precursor polymers soluble in organic-solvents. Polymer31,1137-1141. 

The three hydroxyl groups per glucose ring provide the means of converting cellulose to polymers soluble in organic solvents. They may either be esterified by organic or inorganic acids, or etherified with suitable alcohols. In this way a number of polymers useful in lacquers have been produced ... 

Furfuryl alcohol is recovered from agricultural wastes. On heating furfuryl alcohol to 100° C in the presence of acids, a brown polymer soluble in organic solvents is obtained ... 

The first EL from PPV stimnlated the work of chemists to develop new alternative routes to improve the preparation of this polymer. The idea of having a polymer soluble in organic solvent already in its conjugated form led to the introduction of solubilising groups in the PPV backbone. Some of the most studied structures that were developed are reported in Table 5.1. A detailed description of the synthesis for their preparation is not given references are reported for each structure [70-85]. Some of the general criteria followed to prepare these materials are discussed. 

The majority of the applications handle polymers soluble in organic solvents, while CEEC for water soluble polymers has been less extensively elaborated. Polyethylene and polypropylene, worldwide the most widely produced synthetic polymers, have not been characterized by LC system at CEEC, likely due to the need to use higher temperatures. The first LC system under limiting conditions for these polyolefins was just recently identified (Table 3) [149]. 

S. Tokito, T, Momii. H. Murata. T. Tsutsui, and S. Saito, Polyarylene films prepared from precursor polymers soluble in organic solvents. Polymer 31 1137 (1990). 

Highly luminescent polymers soluble in organic solvents. High electron affinity affords improved electron transport. Quaternization of nitrogen allows manipulation of the emission wavelength. Oxadiazole groups provide for efficient electron transport. Insertion of these groups into p-type polymers facilitates bipolar carrier transport. 

The data provided by SEC—that is, the variation of the polymer concentration against the elution time/volume—can then be used to plot the curve of the sample molar mass distribution. To this end, it is necessary to establish the correspondence between the elution volume (or elution time) of polymer chains and their molar mass. This operation requires the prior establishment of a calibration curve from elution volumes of standard samples as a function of their molar mass. Standard samples of polystyrene for polymers soluble in organic solvents or poly(ethylene oxide) for water-soluble polymers are used for such calibration curves (see Figure 6.19). 

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