Polymer adhesives advantages/limitations

One of synthetic approaches for the iron nanoparticles is based on the widely used decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl [19, 361, 362], The novelty of the approach is the surfactant system used. Studies with a number of strongly bound surfactants have resulted in decreased magnetic response, due to surface oxidation, disturbing the electronic structure of the surface atoms, or some other mechanism. With this in mind, ones chose to work with a weak surfactant, a p-diketone. P-diketones do have a history as adhesion promoters in bonds between metals and polymers [363], The limited reactivity of p-diketones is as an advantage the P-diketone is much weaker oxidizer than carboxylic acids or alcohols and will not oxidize iron, it is not as nucleophilic as phosphines, yet it is known to be capable of chelating iron. 

The tunable metallocene catalyst with a well-defined polymerization mechanism provides distinctive advantages in the preparation of new polymers with well-controlled molecular structures, especially functional polyolefins that are very difficult to prepare by other methods. Since the discovery of HDPE and i-PP about half a century ago, functionalization of polyolefin has been a scientifically challenging and industrially important area. The constant interest, despite lack of effective functionalization chemistry, is due to the strong desire to improve polyolefin s poor interactive properties. The hydrophobicity and low surface energy of polyolefin has limited its applications, especially in the areas of coating, blends, and composites, in which adhesion, comparability, dispersion, and paintability are paramount. 

A wide variety of natural and synthetic materials have been used for biomedical applications. These include polymers, ceramics, metals, carbons, natural tissues, and composite materials (1). Of these materials, polymers remain the most widely used biomaterials. Polymeric materials have several advantages which make them very attractive as biomaterials (2). They include their versatility, physical properties, ability to be fabricated into various shapes and structures, and ease in surface modification. The long-term use of polymeric biomaterials in blood is limited by surface-induced thrombosis and biomaterial-associated infections (3,4). Thrombus formation on biomaterial surface is initiated by plasma protein adsorption followed by adhesion and activation of platelets (5,6). Biomaterial-associated infections occur as a result of the adhesion of bacteria onto the surface (7). The biomaterial surface provides a site for bacterial attachment and proliferation. Adherent bacteria are covered by a biofilm which supports bacterial growth while protecting them from antibodies, phagocytes, and antibiotics (8). Infections of vascular grafts, for instance, are usually associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Escherichia coli. Staphylococcus aureus, and Staphyloccocus epidermidis (9). 

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