Polyetheretherketone

Polyetheretherketone, PEEK, is a polymer combining stiff conjugated aromatic groups and flexible ether segments. It was first prepared in the laboratory in 1977 and then marketed in 1978 by ICI, under the trade name of Victrex (Brydson, 1982). 

Important processing methods injection molding, extrusion, wire coating, mixing 

Typical fillers glass fiber, carbon fiber, graphite, PTFE 

Typical concentration range typically 30 wt% but high glass loading can go up to 75 wt%  

Auxiliary agents binders are needed in prepregging step (poly imide is an example of such binder)  

Special methods of incorporation drying is only necessary to prevent molding defects because the polymer has very high resistance to hydrolysis 

PEEK compounds are molded or extruded in conventional TP equipment at 350 to 400°C (660 to 750 F). Their mold shrinkage is about 1 percent for the unreinforced and 0.1 to 1.4 percent for the reinforced grades, depending on their fiber orientation. PEEK is widely used in carbon-fiber composites because of their excellent adhesion to carbon fibers. PEEK S heat-distortion temperature is above 315°C (600°F) at 1,820 kPa (264 psi), its tensile strengths are up to 215 MPa (31,0(X) psi), and its flexural modulus is up to 2i X 10 psi. 

At room temperature PEEK is tough, strong, and rigid, with excellent load-bearing properties over long periods and outstanding resistance to abrasion. On a short-term basis this material is suitable for service temperatures in excess of 300 C (575°F). It also has excellent thermal stability for continuous operation. A lifetime of 50,000 hours can be 

PEEK film can be laminated to itself or to other substrates. Its bond strength depends on the surface preparation and the type of adhesive used. Film is available in both a transparent, thermoformable grade and a higher heat-temperature, heat-stabilized version that is more crystalline and less transparent as well as thermoformable. 

Applications for PEEK range from commercial or industrial to uses in nuclear plants, underground or underwater applications, oil wells, commercial aircraft to military equipment, and for underground or surface-railway equipment. Some typical PEEK products include pump impellers, electrical connectors, valve seals, wires and cable, fire-safety components, and others. 

This material is available from Victrex Pic. PEEK is an aromatic polyether, high-performance thermoplastic used in coating, insulation of high-performance wire and cable, and molded parts. Acetone has a slight crazing effect on PEEK, but isopropyl alcohol, toluene and TCE have no effect, and thus may be used in cleaning. 

Surfaces to be bonded should be cleaned, dried, and freed of grease. This may be achieved by wiping the joint surfaces with 1,1,1-trichloroethane or a similar degreasing solvent. In addition, roughening of the surfaces with an abrasive will form a more 

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For fluorine-free products, the labiUty of fluorine in fluoronitrobenzenes and other activated molecules permits it to serve as a handle in hair-dye manufacturing operations, high performance polymers such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK), production of dmgs such as diuretics, and fiber-reactive dyes. Labile fluorine has also been used in analytical appHcations and biological diagnostic reagents. 

Another commercial appHcation of nucleophilic reactions of nitro-free duoroaromatics is the manufacture of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) high performance polymers from 4,4 -diduoroben2ophenone [345-92-6], and hydroquinone [121-31-9] (131) (see PoLYETHERS, AROMATIC). 

Acrylic ESTER POLYMERS Acrylonitrile POLYMERS Cellulose esters). Engineering plastics (qv) such as acetal resins (qv), polyamides (qv), polycarbonate (qv), polyesters (qv), and poly(phenylene sulfide), and advanced materials such as Hquid crystal polymers, polysulfone, and polyetheretherketone are used in high performance appHcations they are processed at higher temperatures than their commodity counterparts (see Polymers containing sulfur). 

Fig. 1. Engineering resins cost vs annual volume (11) (HDT, °C) A, polyetheretherketone (288) B, polyamideimide (>270) C, polyarylether sulfone (170- >200) D, polyimide (190) E, amorphous nylons (124) F, poly(phenylene sulfide) (>260) G, polyarylates (170) H, crystalline nylons (90—220) I, polycarbonate (130) J, midrange poly(phenylene oxide) alloy (107—150) K, polyphthalate esters (180—260) and L, acetal resins (110—140).

Polyetheretherketone Resin (PEEK). The resia was commercialized as Victrex PEEK by Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd. (ICl) ia the late 1970s and by Amoco Chemicals Corp. ia the middle 1980s under the trade name Kadel. It is produced by both companies ia the United States. Kadel is beheved made by the displacement reaction of 4,4 -difluorodiphenyl ketone by the potassium salt of hydroquinone ... 

Other SSIMS studies of polymer surfaces have included perfluorinated polyether [3.21], low-density polyethylene [3.22], poly(ethylene terephthalate) [3.23], and the oxidation of polyetheretherketone [3.24]. 

APC-2 = a polyetheretherketone, thermoplastic polymer matrix from ICl Fiberite,... 

High-temperature TPs are available to compete with TSs, metals, ceramics, and other nonplastic materials. The heat-resistant TPs include polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyethersulfone (PES), polyamideimide, liquid crystal polymer (LCP) and others. 

Polyetheretherketone PEEK is a high-temperature, crystalline engineering TP used for high performance applications such as wire and cable for aerospace applications, military hardware, oil wells and nuclear plants. It holds up well under continuous 450°F (323° C) temperatures with up to 600°F (316° C) limited use. Fire resistance rating is UL 94 V-0 it resists abrasion and long-term mechanical loads. 

Report 16 Polyetheretherketone, D.J. Kemmish, ICI, Wilton. Report 17 Extrusion, G.M. Gale, Rapra Technology Ltd. 

In the last decade, some systems, such as the Dionex DX-500, have been manufactured with a flow path using corrosion-resistant materials such as polyetheretherketone (PEEK , ICI Americas Wilmington, DE), rather than the traditional stainless steel. Since stainless steel is prone to corrosion by salts, particularly halides, the introduction of titanium, ceramic, and PEEK was welcomed by those performing chromatography in aqueous systems, particularly in biological applications. PEEK , however, is not useful in applications requiring pressures greater than about 4000 psi. 

Polyetheretherketone, PEEK High temperature polymers CH063O0.16 0.029 1.60 0.001 0.008 17.0... 

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibers electrical properties of, 23 718 properties of, 20 199t sulfonation of, 23 717 PEEK-based composites, 26 764 Peel-apart color films, 19 286 Peel-apart film(s), 19 274, 281, 282, 299, 314... 

Polyether-foZoc/ -polyesther, 7 646 Polyether diols, 14 271 20 76 25 476 Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) fibers,... 

The head is made of polypropylene and polyetheretherketone-based materials and is designed to run at an operating pressure of maximal 10 bar. All feed and eluent solutions are pumped directly into the column through tubes, to minimize dead zones and prevent fouling. 

PTA dissolved in a solution containing polyetheretherketone sulfonic acid (SPEEK.) in EtOH/DMF, cast as a solid membrane, and treated with CS2CO3 and H2SO4 as above. 

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