Polychorinated biphenyls

By a strict definition, these electrical and electronic wastes are hazardous. Fluorescent lamps contain mercury, and almost all fluorescents fail the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) toxicity test for hazardous wastes. Fluorescent lamp ballasts manufactured in the mid-1980s contain polychorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a carcinogen most of these ballasts are still in service. Batteries can contain any of a number of hazardous materials, including cadmium (nickel-cadmium... 

Lajoie, C. A., Layton, A. C. Sayler, G. S. (1994). Cometabolicoxidation of polychorinated biphenyls in soil with a surfactant-based field application vector. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 60, 2826-33. 

NAS (1979) National Academy of Sciences, Polychorinated Biphenyls. A Report prepared by the Committee on the Assessment of Polychlorinated-biphenyls in the Environment of Environmental Studies Board Commission on Natural Resources of National... 

Totten, L.A., Gigliotti, C.L., et al. (2004) Atmospheric concentrations and deposition of polychorinated biphenyls to the Hudson River Estuary. Environmental Science and Technology, 38(9) 2568-2573. 

Chemical decontamination is an alternative to thermal processing or landfilling of soils contaminated with polychlorinated dibenzo-p- dioxins (PCDD) or other aromatic halides such as chlorobenzenes or polychorinated biphenyls (PCB). Chemical decontamination, like incineration, involves changes to the chemical structure of the dioxin molecule. While chlorinated dioxins are thermally stable, they readily dechlorinate to water soluble compounds under relatively mild conditions of temperature and pressure. 

For polychorinated biphenyls (PCB), many methods have been reported. For example the reaction of polyethyleneglycols (PEG) of low molecular weight (MW) in the presence of strong bases (i.e. KOH) and stirring (1, 2) the use of sodium polyethyleneglycolates... 

Polychorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures were used extensively in the past as coolant fluids in power transformers and capacitors. PCBs were widely used because of their higher stability, but are persistent environmental contaminants due to careless disposal practices, leakage, or accidents. Similar to PAHs, PCBs are neutral, highly hydrophobic, and present a large number of congeners, thus demanding EKC methodologies. 

Takenaka, S., Todaka, T., Nakamura, M., Hori, T., Iida, T., Yamada, T., Hata, J., 2002. Polychorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychorinated dibenzofurans and non -ortho, mono-ortho chlorine substituted biphenyls in Japanese human liver and adipose tissue. Chemosphere 49, 161-172. 

The chemical is banned. Prohibited for importation, formulation, manufacturing and final disposal in the national territory of the substances polychlorinated biphenyls, pentachlorofenol, crocidolite, polybrominated biphenols, polychorinated terphenyls and tris (2,3 dibromopropyl1) phosphate on the basis that they cause environmental pollution and have toxic effects against human health. All uses are banned. Tris (2,3-dibromopropyi) phosphate irritates the skin and eyes, and may cause skin allergy. 

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