Polyatomic ions naming ionic compounds

Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions... 

If you answered incorrectly, review The Polyatomic Ions, page 92, and Naming Ionic Compounds with Polyatomic Ions, page 96. 

Naming ionic compounds that contain polyatomic ions is very similar to naming binary ionic compounds. For example, the compound NaOH is called sodium hydroxide, because it contains the Na+ (sodium) cation and the OH (hydroxide) anion. To name these compounds, you must... 

Naming ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions follows rules similar to those for naming binary compounds. 

In naming ionic compounds, it is important to recognize polyatomic ions and to determine the charge of cations with variable charge. 

The bonding between the atoms within polyatomic ions is just like the bonding within molecular compounds (Section 5.3), but the group of atoms has either more or fewer electrons than protons and therefore has an overall charge. Compounds that contain polyatomic ions are ionic, and their formulas are written by the same procedure described for binary ionic compounds. The only difference is that the polyatomic ion formula is enclosed in parentheses when more than one such ion is present. For example, the formula of aluminum nitrate is Al(NOg)g. The compounds are also named in the same manner as binary ionic compounds, with the... 

Polyatomic ions are treated the same as monoatomic ions (see Naming Ionic Compounds, later in this chapter). Table 6-4 lists some important polyatomic ions. 

Solution Each compoimd is ionic and is named using the guidelines we have already discussed. In naming ionic compounds, it is important to recognize polyatomic ions and to determine the charge of cations with variable charge, (a) The cation in this compound is K", and the anion is S04. (If you thought the compound contained and... 

EXAMPLE 5.10 Naming Ionic Compounds Containing a Polyatomic Ion... 

Name ionic compounds containing a polyatomic ion in the normal way, except substitute the name of the polyatomic ion (from Table 5.6) in place of the nonmetal. 

When naming ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, we write the positive ion, usually a metal, first, and then we write the name of the polyatomic ion. It is important that you learn to recognize the polyatomic ion in the formula and name it correctly. As with other ionic compounds, no prefixes are used. 

Chapter 6, Ionic and Molecular Compounds, describes how atoms form ionic and covalent bonds. Chemical formulas are written, and ionic compounds— including those with polyatomic ions—and molecular compounds are named. An introduction to the three-dimensional shape of carbon molecules provides a basis for the shape of organic and biochemical compounds. Organic chemistry is introduced with the properties of inorganic and organic compounds and condensed structural formulas of alkanes. Section 6.1 is now tilled Ions Transfer of Electrons, 6.2 is titled Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds, 6.3 is... 

We name ionic compounds that contain a polyatomic ion in the same way as other ionic compounds, except that we use the name of the polyatomic ion whenever it occurs. Table 3.5 lists conunon polyatomic ions and their formulas. For example, NaN02 is named according to its cation, Na (sodium), and its polyatomic anion, NO2 (nitrite). Its full name is sodium nitrite. 

Explain how to write a formula for an ionic compound given the names of the metal and nonmetal (or polyatomic ion) in the compound. 

Naming ionic compounds In naming ionic compounds, name the cation first, then the anion. Monatomic cations use the element name. Monatomic anions use the root of the element name plus the suffix -ide. If an element can have more than one oxidation number, use a Roman numeral in parentheses after the element name, for example, iron(II) to indicate the Fe ion. For polyatomic ions, use the name of the ion. 

Crafting names and formulas for ionic and molecular compounds Handling polyatomic ions Talking about acids... 

Ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions (Section 2.8) are named in the same way as binary ionic compounds First the cation is identified and then the anion. For example, Ba(N03)2 is called barium nitrate because Ba2+ is the cation and the N03 polyatomic anion has the name nitrate. Unfortunately, there is no systematic way of naming the polyatomic ions themselves, so it s necessary to memorize the names, formulas, and charges of the most common ones listed in Table 2.3. The ammonium ion (NH4+) is the only cation on the list all the others are anions. 

The rules for naming chemical compounds depend on whether the substance is a molecular substance or an ionic substance. Molecular compounds are comprised only of nonmetals. Ionic compounds are almost always comprised of a metal and a nonmetal. If a compound contains one of the polyatomic ions listed in Table 2.1, it is an ionic compound. 

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