Poly- thieno

In other investigations by the authors (2,3), poly(thieno[3,4-d]isothiazole), (II), and 2-pentafluorosulfanyl-thieno[3,4-b]thiophene, (III), respectively, were prepared. Poly(thieno[3,4-d]isothiazole) was prepared using (NH SaOg... 

XPS studies of other S-containing heterocycles, such as PTH, poly-thieno(2,3-h)thiophene (PTH23TH) and polydithienothiophene (PDTT), [55] also indicated that, in the oxidized state, the CIs and S2p core-level spectra appear at a higher BE than the neutral polymer and are characteristic of positively polarized atoms. This result appears to be inconsistent with the fact that, in the oxidized polymer, only one out of every 3 to 4 monomer units is associated with a dopant anion and the Cls and S2p core-level spectra should reveal the simultaneous presence of neutral and charged (or polarized) species (see also Sect. 3.2.1 below). 

TABLE 1. Selected poly(thieno[2,3-b]thiophene) derivatives and corresponding physical properties. 

Sotzing [2] prepared intrinsically conducting water-borne dispersions of poly (thieno[3,4-b]thiophene) homopolymer, (II), and copolymers of thieno[3,4-b] thiophene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene, (111), for electroactive applications including electrochromic displays, optically transparent electrodes, and antistatic coatings. 

A series of alkyl-substituted poly(thieno[3,2-fe]thiophenes) was synthesized by cross-coupling and oxidative coupling reactions (2004MM6306). Their electronic properties were studied by UV Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. 

Kumar, A., Buyukmumcu, Z., Sotzing, G.A., 2006. Poly(thieno[3,4-b]furan). Anewlowbandgap conjugated polymer. Macromolecules 39, 2723-2725. 

Sotzing, G.A., Lee, K., 2002. Poly(thieno[3,4-b]thiophene) a p- and n-dopable polythiophene exhibiting high optical transparency in the semiconducting state. Macromolecules 35,7281-7286. 

Poly(thieno[2,3-l> thiophene) Poly(thieno[3,2 6] thiophene) Poly(thieno[3,4-h thiophene)... 

Colloidal Dispersions Ring Sulfonated Poly( thieno [ 3,4- i>] thiophene)... 

Poly(thieno[3,4-h]thiophene), like the monomers, was the last of the thienothiophenes to be synthesized. Hong and Marynick [28] had obtained the electronic structures of poly(thieno[3,4-h]thiophene) using modified extended-Huckel band calculations and predicted that PT34bT connected through 4-and 6-positions will have a bandgap of 1.5-1.6 eV (tt-tt, comparable to that of polyacetylene. In... 

Poly( thieno [3,4-b] thiophenej-polystyrene sulfonate dispersions were prepared similar to that as described for PEDOT-PSS [45], Polymerization of T34bT was carried out in the presence of a variety of oxidants such as iron(III)sulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, mixtures of persulfate, or hydrogen peroxide with iron(III)sulfate [48]. It was observed that the absorption of the resultant polymers is con-trollably dependent on the type of oxidant used. PT34bT-PSS dispersions obtained using persulfate and peroxide exhibited a band-edge gap of 1.1 eV... 

Rutherford, D.R., et al. 1992. Poly(2,5-ethynylenethiophenediylethynylenes), related heteroaromatic analogs, and poly(thieno[3,2-l ]thiophenes) Synthesis and thermal and electrical properties. Macromolecules 25 2294. 

A number of studies on the related polymer, poly (thieno[3,4-fo]pyrazine) (2), and its derivatives have also been reported since the second edition of this handbook. The first example of a poly(thieno[3,4-b] pyrazine) was reported by Pomerantz and coworkers [16,17] in 1992 with the FeCls polymerization of 2,3-dihexylthieno[3,4-l ]pyrazine to give 2c (Scheme 12.7) exhibiting an g of 0.95 + 0.10 eV. 

More recently, Kenning and Rasmussen [59] reported the first electropolymerization of 2,3-di-alkylthieno[3,4-b]pyrazines in 2003. In contrast to poly(thieno[3,4-fi]pyrazine) samples produced by other methods [16,17,48,57], the electropolymerized materials exhibited Eg values of 0.7 eV (Table 12.1). The reduced Eg values agree well with the originally calculated value of Marynick [60] and are close to the 0.5 eV values calculated by Kwon and McKee [15]. 

Nayak, K. and D.S. Marynick. 1990. The interplay between geometric and electronic structures in polyisothianaphthene, polyisonaphthothiophene, polythieno(3,4-h)pyrazine, and poly-thieno(3,4-h)quinoxaline. Macromolecules 23 2237. 

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