Poly phenylene vinylenejs

Enhanced photovoltaic cell efficiency was achieved via incorporation of highly electron-deficient oxadiazole moieties on side chains of poly(phenylene vinylenejs and poly(fluorene)s <2006SM949>. The synthesis of terminal... 

S.-P. Huang, J.-L. Liao, H.-E. Tseng, T.-H. Jen, J.-Y. Liou, and S.-A. Chen. Enhanced photovoltaic cells efficiency via incorporation of high electron-deficient oxadiazole moieties on side chains of poly(phenylene vinylenejs and poly(fluorene)s. Synth. Met., 156(14-15) 949-953, July 2006. 

Zhang G, Xu H, Liu K, Li Y, Yang L, Yang M. Synthesis, characterization and comparative photovoltaic behavior of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP)-containing poly(phenylene vinylenejs varying at n-alkyl or 3,6-aryl substituents in DPP units. Synth Met 2010 160(17-18) 1945-52. 

Poly[2,5-dialkoxy-l,4-phenylene) vinylenejs with long solubilizing alkoxy chains dissolve in conventional organic solvents such as chloroform, toluene, or tetrahydrofuran [21, 28, 32-36]. Their emission and absorption spectra are red-shifted relative to PPV itself, and the polymers fluorescence and electroluminescence quantum yields are greater than parent PPV. This benefit may be a consequence of the long alkyl chains isolating the polymer chains from each other. 

P. Karastatiris, J.A. Mikroyannidis, I.K. Spiliopoulos, A.P. Kulkarni, and S.A. Jenekhe, Synthesis, photophysics and electroluminescence of new quinoxaline-containing poly(p-phenylene vinylenejs, Macromolecules, 37 7867-7878, 2004. 

A.M. Sarker, L. Ding, P.M. Lahti, and F.E. Karasz, Synthesis and luminescent studies of poly(/j-phenylene vinylenejs containing a biphenyl moiety, Macromolecules, 35 223-230, 2002. 

There are four main classes of conjugated polymers that have been studied for optoelectronic device applications [44], They are classified according to the structure of the conjugated backbone and are the poly(/w<7-phenylene)s (PPPs), poly(para-phenylene vinylenejs (PPVs), polythiophenes (PTs), and polyfluorenes (PFs). Their structures are shown in Fig. 8.9. Of these four classes, the most widely studied and commercially significant have been the PPVs and PFs [45], although the PTs have... 

Figure 29.5 Bromine content and lifetime versus synthesis time of the poly[p-(2,5-di(2-ethylhexyloxy)phenylene-vinylenej. The bromine content is given as the amount of repeat units affected by the bromide defect.

Vilbrandt N, Nickel S, Immel S, Rehahn M, Stegmaier K, Melzer C, et al. Poly (para-phenylene vinylenejs. Mater Sci Technol 2013 901-22. 

Yang, S,H, Nguyen, T,P, Le Rendu, P., and Hsu, C.S. (2005) Optical and electrical investigations of poly(p-phenylene vinylenej/silicon oxide and poly (p-phenylene vinylene) /titanium oxide nanocomposites. Thin Solid Films, 471.230-235. 

Bunz et al. pointed out that it would be of interest to develop materials that combine the stability, electron affinity, and high emissive quantum yield of PPEs with the excellent hole injection capabilities of poly(p-phenylene vinylenejs (PPVs) [48]. In line with this notion,recent synthetic activities have focused on the engineering of the band gap, conduction band, and valence band of PAEs with the objective to render these materials more useful for practical applications that exploit their electrically (semi)conducting nature. Examples of materials that emerged from these efforts are discussed in detail in other portions of this volume (in particular the chapters by Bunz, Klemm, and Yamamoto). They include, among others, poly(heteroarylene ethynylenes) such... 

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