Poly-perfluoroalkyl acrylate

Perfluoroalkyl substituted poly(meth)acrylates have emerged as the most widely used low surface energy polymer coatings. In these polymers, fluorocarbon chains are attached to a carboxyl group by a spacer constituted of methylene groups, resulting in a polymer structure of the form... 

The pendant functions listed in Figure 3 are often useful and of synthetic interest per se. For example, methacrylate and acrylate esters are polymerizable (cross-linking sites) [19-21] the cinnamate is photorespon-sive (for the photo-induced dimerization of its unsaturated groups) [20] oligo(oxyethylene) [25-27] and carbohydrate groups [35] give hydrophilic and water-soluble polymers, whereas perfluoroalkyl moieties [32-34] enhance hydrophobicity. Thus, poly(vinyl ethers) with cinnamate functions... 

Semifluorinated segments with varying number of alkyl and perfluoroalkyl groups have been used as substituents on many different polymeric backbones over the years, among them polyesters [29,30], cross-linkable acrylics [31], polyurethanes [32], polyglutamates [33], poly(vinyl ether)s [34], polystyrene [35], as well as polyacrylates [36], polymethacrylates [37], and i/poly(styrene-flft-maleimide) copolymers [38]. The main difference between these polymers is the flexibility and dynamics of the polymer backbone. 

Polymeric fluorinated surfactants (1) have a fluorinated backbone or (2) contain perfluroalkyl groups, as pendant perfluoroalkyl groups attached directly or indirectly to the polymer backbone, or as one or two fluorinated end groups of the polymer. A perfluoroalkyl tail can be attached to poly(tris(hydroxymethyl)-acrylamidomethane or to a natural product, such as a sugar, polyol, and so forth [180]. A fluorinated group may be attached to a poly(oxyethylene) chain —CH2CH2O—, to an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block polymer, or to an acrylic comonomer. 

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