Poly data reproducibility

Fig. 27 Dry poly(methyl methacrylate) thickness as a function of the polymerization time for various CuCl2/CuCl ratios 0.0536 ( ), 0.0387 ( ), 0.0282 (o), 0.0056 ( ), and 0.0054 (A). The lines are linear fits to the data. (Reproduced with permission from [94])...

Figure 8.4 Collective diffusion constant for a mixture of polystyrene and poly(vinyl methyl ether)., SANS Data , FRES data. Reproduced with permission from ref. 22.

Fig. 10. Normalized contact radius as a function of normalized load for gelatin spheres in contact with poly(methyl methacrylate). Shown here arc some of the early data obtained using the JKR method by Johnson and coworkers. (Reproduced with permission from ref. [6. )...

Fig. 17 Dry thickness of poly(acryl amide) (PAAm), /z, (closed symbols) and contact angle of DI water, 6>diw> (open symbols) as a function of the position on the substrate for samples prepared on substrates containing the initiator gradients made of CMPEiPO mixtures (w/w) 1 1 a ( , ) and b 1 5 (A, A). The contact angle data have an error better than 1.5 deg and 1 mm on the vertical and horizontal scales, respectively. (Reproduced with permission from [76])...

Fig. 14 Creation of a single specimen polymer blend phase diagram from orthogonal polymer composition and temperature gradients. The polymers are polystyrene and poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) a composition library placed orthogonal to a temperature gradient b completed gradient library polymer blend phase diagram. White points are data derived from traditional measurement for comparison. See text for details, (b reproduced with permission from [3])...

Fig. 21 Representative microfluidic device and resulting data from ATRP on a chip a image of a microfluidic device (dimensions 25 mm x 75 mm) fabricated from UV curable thiolene resin between two glass slides b reaction data for ATRP of HPMA synthesized on a chip showing the correlation of flow rate (or residence time) to reaction time and resulting conversion of monomer (M) to polymer (ln([M]o/[M]) c comparison of number average molecular mass (M ) and poly-dispersity for -butyl acrylate prepared in a traditional round bottom flask ( Flask ) and on a chip ( CRP Chip ). (Reproduced with permission from [102])...

Fig. 8.16. Superimposed plots of y(y)M0 and J(y)/J° as functions of shear rate for poly( -methyl styrene) solutions (199). Curve A is for data at low concentrations and molecular weights curve B is for data at high concentrations and molecular weights. Data have been shifted along the shear rate axis to produre superposition. [Reproduced from Macromolecules 5,791 (1972).]...

Figure 21. Example of two MOSFET channel B implants performed through a poly gate I oxide structure and annealed at 600 °C for 30 min and at 700 °C for 30 min. The substantial enhanced diffusion is shown modeled with calculations from the Predict program. Data are from Mele et al. (61). Abbreviation and symbols S/MS, secondary ion mass spectrometry I, measured after implant A, measured after anneals. (Reproduced with permission from reference 59. Copyright 1988 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers,...

The reduction and oxidation of radicals are discussed in Chapter. 6.3-6.5. That in the case of radicals derived from charged polymers the special effect of repulsion can play a dramatic role was mentioned above, when the reduction of poly(U)-derived base radicals by thiols was discussed. Beyond the common oxidation and reduction of radicals by transition metal ions, an unexpected effect of very low concentrations of iron ions was observed in the case of poly(acrylic acid) (Ulanski et al. 1996c). Radical-induced chain scission yields were poorly reproducible, but when the glass ware had been washed with EDTA to eliminate traces of transition metal ions, notably iron, from its surface, results became reproducible. In fact, the addition of 1 x 10 6 mol dm3 Fe2+ reduces in a pulse radiolysis experiment the amplitude of conductivity increase (a measure of the yield of chain scission Chap. 13.3) more than tenfold and also causes a significant increase in the rate of the chain-breaking process. In further experiments, this dramatic effect of low iron concentrations was confirmed by measuring the chain scission yields by a different method. At present, the underlying reactions are not yet understood. These data are, however, of some potential relevance to DNA free-radical chemistry, since the presence of adventitious transition metal ions is difficult to avoid. 

Fig. 10. Circles show the data from a strained poly(butadiene) network with the corresponding theoretical fit for the deformation ratio A =1.58. Reproduced with permission from M. E. Ries, M. G. Brereton, P. G. Klein, I. M. Ward, P. Ekanayake and H. Schneider, Macromolecules, 1999, 32, 4961.

Figure 7.55. Reaction scheme for the room-temperature synthesis of a CBABC pentablock copolymer, and GPC traces of a,z-dibromo-terminated polystyrene (A, dotted line), poly(fBA-fe-styrene-fe-fBA) (BAB triblock copolymer macroinitiator, dashed line), and poly(MMA-fe-fBA-fe-styrene-fe-f BA-fe-MMA) (CBABC, solid line). The GPC data shows evidence of a successful polymerization route - low polydis-persity index (PDI), and good control over the number-average molecular weight (Mn). Reproduced with permission from Ramakrishnan, A. Dhamodharan, R. Macromolecules 2003, 36, 1039. Copyright 2003 American Chemical Society.

Fig. 3. The temperature dependence of the intra-chain charge mobility in poly-di- /-butylstannane (PD4Sn). The data illustrate the sudden change (with large hysteresis) at the solid/Uquid-crystal phase transition on cooling and heating from Ref 81. [Copyright Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH 8c Co. KGaA. Reproduced with permission.]...

Figure 3. x versus 1/T for hole transport in PVK and poly(3-bromo-N-vinyl-carbazole) (3-Br-PVK), with current-mode transients at the indicated temperatures. The various symbols indicate data taken at various times. (Reproduced with permission from reference 34. Copyright 1978 American Institute of... 

Fig. 6. Reduced viscosity (C = 1%) of poly-n-proline at SCO as a function of [a]". —, data taken during forward mutarotation in glacial acetic acid A—Ai data taken during forward mutarotation in acetic acid-water (7 3 v/v) O—O, data taken during reverse mutarotation in acetic acid- -propanol (1 9 v/v) A, value in aqueous 12 M LiBr. (Prom Steinberg et al., 1960b. Reproduced with kind permission of the American Chemical Society.)...

Fig. 3.15 Atomic force microscopy images of poly(oxy methylene) with molecular resolution (a) raw data (b) image obtained from Fourier reconstruction. The arrow indicates the polymer chain direction (image size 7x7 nm2 Reproduced with permission from [38]). Copyright 1992. American Chemical Society, (c) AFM height image and (d) corresponding autocorrelation-filtered image acquired on POM crystals obtained by solid state polymerization [39]. Reproduced with permission from [39]. Copyright 1994. The Royal Society of Chemistry...

Figure 25. Circular dichroism spectra of the classical polypeptide conformations extended into the vacuum ultraviolet region. Solid curve, a-helical pattern averaged from poly-L-alanine and poly(y-methyl-L-glutamate) data. Dashed curve, antiparallel /5-pleated sheet CD pattern due to films of Boc-(l -Ala)7-OMe [78]. Dotted curve, parallel /S-pleated sheet patterns were calibrated by solution spectra. Dash-dot curve, disordered collagen to provide a measure of a random structure. Reproduced, with permission, from [79].

Figure 29. Circular diehroism (A) and absorption (B) data on the polytetrapeptide, (l Val-L Pro-Gly-Gly)n. which is a model for a poly yS-tum structure. The critical values for the resolved bands are given in Table 2C. Resolution due to simultaneous fitting of both curves. Reproduced, with permission, from [87].

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