Polarization perpendicular incident

If the incident light is polarized perpendicular to the scattering plane, the Stokes parameters of the scattered light are... 

Incident light polarized perpendicular to the scattering plane. 

Let us now consider an infinite right circular cylinder of radius a, which is illuminated by a plane homogeneous wave E, = E0e ke, x propagating in the direction e, = - sin ex — cos fez, where is the angle between the incident wave and the cylinder axis (Fig. 8.3). There are two possible orthogonal polarization states of the incident wave electric field polarized parallel to the xz plane and electric field polarized perpendicular to the xz plane. We shall consider each of these polarizations in turn. 

When the incident electric field is polarized perpendicular to the xz plane (Case II), the asymptotic scattered field is given by (8.33) with anl replaced by -anll and bnl replaced by -bnll. 

If each particle is spherically symmetric, then S33 = and Su = S22. Such a collection of particles cannot circularly polarize unpolarized light or light polarized perpendicular (or parallel) to the scattering plane. But it can circularly polarize obliquely polarized incident light (6 = = 0) provided that 43 ( 34 ) is not zero. 

Figure 13.5 Potential modulated reflectance spectrum of p-aminonitrobenzene (PANB) on platinum (solution phase 0.5 mM Na2S04 + 0.05 mM PANB). Applied dc 0.44 V vs. SHE. Modulation amplitude 50 mV. Modulation frequency 33 Hz. Incidence angle 65°. 11 signifies incident polarization parallel to incident plane and perpendicular to electrode surface. J signifies incident polarization perpendicular to incident plane (hence parallel to electrode surface). [From Ref. 50.]...

Light polarized parallel to the incident plane (p-polarized) has components in the x and z directions, while light polarized perpendicular to the incident plane (s-polarized) has only a y-component. Therefore, the dichroic ratio is given by equation 6. 

With infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS), it is possible to obtain information about the orientation of enzyme molecules adsorbed on flat metal surfaces (3,4). Electric dipole-transition moments oriented perpendicular to a flat metal surface show enhanced IR absorbance. IR bands due to vibrations of groups with transition moments oriented parallel to the surface are not observed. The IR-beam component which is polarized perpendicular to the plane of incidence (parallel to the surface) contains no information and can be eliminated by using a polarizer. 

For comparison with experimental data it is more suitable to state relative intensities in terms of differential cross sections, since these are proportional to the relative intensities obtained in the experiment. The Q-branch differential cross section for a scattering angle of 90° and an incident light beam which is plane polarized perpendicular to the scattering plane is... 

When neither s-polarized light (light polarized perpendicular to the plane of incidence) is converted into p-polarized light (light polarized parallel to the plane of incidence) nor vice versa, standard SE is applied. This is the case for isotropic samples and for uniaxial samples in the special case, where the optical axis is parallel to the sample normal, for example (0001) ZnO [119]. 

Within the polarization scheme used here where p-polarized light is polarized in the plane of incidence, and s-polarized light is polarized perpendicular to the plane, the Cartesian components of , (a>, ) are given by the projection of the s and p components of the incident wave... 

Hence, the components of E parallel and perpendicular to the plane of incidence undergo phase retardations 5 and 5x, respectively, although the amplitudes are unaltered by reflection. If the incident wave is plane-polarized, the incident components are in phase, while those of the reflected wave are not, so that elliptical polarization is produced. The magnitude of the phase shift for 9i > 6 is... 

The physical principle of these polarizers rests on the so called Brewster reflection that is theoretically explained by the Fresnel theory of reflection and refraction. Each dielectric medium reflects at a definite angle called Brewster angle, only radiation which is polarized perpendicularly to the plane of incidence. The Brewster angle is determined by the refractive index of the medium according to the relationship tan The... 

On metal surfaces, two additional selection mles apply. The first is that only vibrations perpendicular to the surface are HREELS active. This mle follows from two phenomena unique at metal surfaces " (i) Electromagnetic waves polarized perpendicularly to the plane of incidence (parallel to the plane of the surface) undergo a 180° phase shift upon reflection. That is, at the metal surface, the out-of-phase electric-field vectors of the incident and reflected waves cancel each other as a result, no field exists that can couple with dipoles that oscillate parallel to the surface, (ii) The dynamic dipole moment generated by an oscillator that vibrates in the surface-parallel direction is cancelled by that of its image dipole (Figure 1) hence, there the net dynamic dipole moment is zero. On the other hand, if the real dipole is oriented perpendicularly to the surface, its dynamic dipole moment is reinforced by that of its image dipole. This selection mle is the same as that for infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (1RAS).°... 

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