Point defects elastic theory

An extension of the kinetic theory on cases when a mechanical pressure interacts with kinetic processes inside solid volume and on interfaces has wide application interests. The elastic deformations in solid are presented from influence of external forces and from presence of internal defects of crystal structure point defects (vacancy, intersite atoms, complexes of atoms, etc.), extended defects (dislocations and inner interfaces in polycrystals), and three-dimensional defects (heterophases crystals, polycrystals). 

Model networks can be considered as a new class of tridimensional polymeric material, with elastic chains of known and rather constant length, and branch points of almost constant functionality, with few defects, and of very satisfactory homogeneity. By combination of structural determinations and of swelling and deformation measurements it was shown that the existing theories of rubber elasticity are applicable, even though some ambiguity still exists as to what concerns the value and the meaning of the memory term. 

Theories have been developed to describe the mechanical properties of amorphous networks and their swelling behavior in terms of an average (1-3). Over the years there have been several modifications in the theories to account for the fluctuations of the junction points, the role of network defects such as dangling chains and loops and the role of trapped entanglements in determining the equilibrium elasticity of a network (4). 

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