Ploidy manipulation

Ortiz, R. (1998). Potato breeding via ploidy manipulations. In J. Janick (Ed.). Plant Breeding Reviews, Volume 16 (pp. 15-86). John Wiley Sons, New York. 

ROTHBARD s (2006) A review of ploidy manipulations in aquaculture The Israeh experience , The Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh, vol. 58(4), pp. 266-279. 

Future trends will be focused on the production of higher added-value products. Otherwise, the production of normal seed by hatchery techniques will be not be profltable in most cases compared with the cost of obtaining the wild counterparts. The advantages of triploidy, in terms of added-value for the producers and the consumers, remain to be demonstrated and a recent review reveals many of the constraints that have limited the potential value of ploidy manipulation in fish and shellfish (Piferrer et al, 2009). 

BEAUMONT A R and FAiRBROTHER J E (1991) Ploidy manipulation in molluscan shellfish a review. J. Shellfish Res., 10,1-18. 

Lavania UC (2005) Genomic and ploidy manipulation for enhanced production of phytopharmaceuticals. Plant Genet Resour 3(02) 170-177. doi 10.1079/PGR200576... 

Carputo, D., Cardi, T., Palta, J. P, Sirianni, P, Vega, S., Fruseiante, L. (2000b). Toleranee to low temperatures and tuber soft rot in hybrids between Solanum commersonii and Solanum tuberosum obtained through manipulation of ploidy and endosperm balanee number (EBN). Plant Breeding, 119, 127-130. 

Transplantation of pronuclei injected with the enhancerless promoter reporter gene into two-cell blastomeres that were experimentally manipulated to alter the final ploidy indicated that the degree of repression was inversely correlated with the ploidy of the recipient cell. Thus, the cytoplasm of the two-cell embryo appeared to contain factor(s) capable of repressing the promoter, and this factor(s) appeared to be titrated out by cellular DNA. 

Fig. 11.6 Manipulation of ploidy in developing embryos by targeting meiosis I or meiosis II with a physical or chemical stimulus. For simplicity only one homologous pair of chromosomes is shown, (a-d) Normal development (a) primary oocyte at release activated by sperm (b) meiosis I, 1st polar body extruded (c) meiosis II, 2nd polar body extruded and syngamy occurs (d) 1st cleavage, (e-g) Following a shock at meiosis I female chromosomes are retained in the egg and a meiosis I triploid is produced. (h,i) Shock at meiosis II produces meiosis II triploids. (Modified from Beaumont and Fairbrother, 1991)...

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