Plate beam splitters

Fig. 4. Arrangement for calibrating fluorescence spectrometer.17 L, xenon arc lamp Mi, excitation monochromator B, silica plate beam splitter. F, 0.5 mm. silica optical cell containing fluorescent screen solution Pi, monitoring multiplier phototube S, screen coated with MgO Mj, fluorescence monochromator Pa, fluorescence multiplier phototube.

Plate beam splitters are glass plates with a partially reflecting layer on one plane. Reflections from the other plane can be cause ghosts in imaging systems. Such reflections are avoided in pellicle beam splitters. Pellicle beam splitters consist of a nitrocellulose membrane with a partially reflective coating. They are difficult to handle and their long-term stability is questionable. 

Figure 2.29 (a) Plate beam splitter, (b) Rotating disk beam splitter (or chopper). 

Fig. 9 Experimental setup for pump-probe measurements 1 - beam splitters 2 - silver mirrors 3 - time delay line 4 - lenses 5 - filters Do, Di, D2 - photodetectors P - polarizers k 2 - wave plate...

Fig. 1. Schematic of experimental setup. %J2 - 800 nm wave-plate SP 2-mm sapphire plate PI, 2 45° quartz prisms P3 69° quartz prism, the distance from P3 to the NOPA crystal is 80 cm CM1, 2 ultrabroadband chirped mirrors GR 300 lines/mm ruled diffraction grating (Jobin Yvon) SM spherical mirror, R=-400 mm BS1, 2 chromium-coated d=0.5 mm quartz beam splitters. SHG crystal 0.4-mm 0=29° BBO (EKSMA) NOPA crystal 1-mm 0=31.5° BBO (Casix) SHG FROG crystal 0=29° BBO wedge plate d=5- -20 pm (EKSMA). Spherical mirrors around NOPA crystal are R=-200 mm Thick arrows on the left indicate the data flow from the pulse diagnostic setup (SHG FROG) and the feedback to the flexible mirror.

Figure 9.6 Experimental setup for measuring the angular distribution of the scattered light at different temperatures and externally applied electric fields. L is a He-Ne-laser, A/2 a half-wave retarder plate, P a Glan-Thomson prism, BS a beam splitter, PDl and PD2 are photodiodes and HV the high voltage amplifier. The sbn sample with 0.66 mol% Cerium is placed on a stack of Peltier-elements to control the temperature.

Figure 1.9. The optical parametric amplifier (OPA). BS, beam splitter TFP, thin-film polarizer HWP, half-wave plate IMP, dichroic beam splitter or long wave pass filter F,...

A Balzers dichromatic beam splitter (Fig. 1C and D, i) replacing the standard reflecting prism in the base of the Diavert reflects the red portion of the spectrum into the normal path of light (towards the ocular) for visualization of cell and microinstruments. The rest of the spectrum which includes natural cell fluorescence and carcinogen fluorescence is sent downwards towards the detector, through an aperture provided in the base plate (Fig. 1C and D, j). 

The section is first mounted in ethanol. The instrument is adjusted to give the maximum extinction position (m.e.p.) of the background (Fig. 4.3.2) by tilting the crystal plate of the beam splitter in the condenser (Fig. 4.3.1). Measurements of analyzer rotation are made by rotating the analyzer filter until the area of the specimen to be measured reaches its m.e.p. (Fig. 4.3.2). 

Figure 3.6-10 Schematic diagram of a femtosecond time-resolved CARS apparatus. YAG, cw mode-locked Nd YAG laser ML, mode locker PL, polarizer A s, apertures LP, laser pot DM, dichroic mirror DLl, femtosecond dye laser SA, saturable absorber CLFB, cavity-length feedback system DL2, picosecond dye laser W, tuning wedge E, etalon FD, fixed delay VD, variable delay BS, beam splitter P s, half-wave plates (when necessary) F s, filters S, sample MC, monochromator PMT, cooled photomultiplier. (Okamoto and Yoshihara, 1990).

BS - beam splitter, M - mirror, WP - wave plate, P - polarizer... 

Figure 3 The experimental setup. A type II Spontaneous parametric down-conversion is used both to produce the ancilla pair (in the spatial modes <23 and a4) and to produce the two input qubits (in the spatial modes ai and 0,2). In this case initial entanglement polarization is not desired, and it is destroyed by making the photons go through polarization filters which prepare the required input state. Half-wave plates have been placed in the photon paths in order to rotate the polarization compensators are able to nullify the birefringence effects of the non-linear crystal and of the polarizing beam splitters. Overlap of the wavepackets at the PBSs is assured through spatial and spectral filtering.

Figure 2. Realization of optical CPHASE logic gate between two single-photon qubits, using polarizing beam-splitters (PBS), A/4 plates and 7r cross-phase modulation (XPM) studied here.

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