Plasma beta

Baker DG, West SA, Orth DN, Hill KK, Nicholson WE, Ekhator NN, Bruce AB, Wortman MD, Keck PE, Geracioti JD (1997) Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma beta endorphin in combat veterans with post traumatic stress disorder. Psychoneuroendocrinology 22 517-529 Bauer EP, Schafe GE, LeDoux JE (2002) NMDA receptors and L-type voltage-gated calcium channels contribute to long-term potentiation and different components of fear memory formation in the lateral amygdala. J Neurosci 22 5239-5249... 

Singh, M., Rosen, C.L., Chang, K.J., and Haddad, G.G. 1989. Plasma beta-casomorphin-7 immunoreactive peptide increases after milk intake in newborn but not in adult dogs. Pediatr. 

Gil-Ad I, Dickerman Z, Amdursky S, Laron Z. 1986. Diurnal rhythm of plasma beta endorphin, cortisol and growth hormone in schizophrenics as compared to control subjects. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 88 496-499. 

When 50 bipolar lithium patients were compared with 30 healthy controls, platelet counts were similar, but the lithium group had higher concentrations of plasma beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4, suggesting lithium-induced platelet activation (338). 

Hemostasis can be impaired by both surgery and general anesthetics (45). Fentanyl, halothane, and enflurane enhance fibrinoljdic activity significantly (46). In addition, there was a raised plasma beta-thromboglobulin concentration (a good indicator of platelet activation) in 61 patients after the use of nitrous oxide, oxygen, and halothane compared with controls (47). 

Rock, C.L. and Swendseid, M.E. 1992. Plasma beta-carotene response in humans after meals supplemented with dietary pectin, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 55( 1 ) 96—99. 

Dean B, Kolavcic M, Tizian L, Harrison L. Should plasma beta-endorphin be measured in patients with disorders of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis Clin Chem 1986 32 895. 

Hultberg B, Isaksson A, Bugge M. 1988. The effect of porta-caval shunt ammonia infusion and alcohol administration on rat plasma beta hexosaminidase. Liver 8(3) 129-131. 

Dimitrov, N. V., Boone, C. W., Hay, M. B., Whetter, P., Pins, M., Kelloff, G. J., and Malone, W. (1987). Plasma beta-carotene levels-kinetic patterns during administration of various doses of beta-carotene. J. Nutr. Growth Cancer 3,2n 2yi. 

Hypoxia suppresses glutamate transport in Astrocytes. Journal of Neuroscience 27 3946-3955 Dardzinski, B.J., Smith, S.L., Towfighi, J., WiUiams, G.D., Vannucci, R.C., and Smith, M.B. 2000. Increased plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate, preserved cerebral eneigy metabolism, and amelioration of brain damage during neonatal hypoxia ischemia with dexamethasone pretreatment. Rediatric Research 48 248-255... 

Greenberg SM, Cho HS, O Donnell HC, Rosand J, Segal AZ, Younkin LH, Younkin SG, Rebeck GW. Plasma beta-amyloid peptide, transforming growth factor-beta 1, and risk for cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Ann NY Acad Sci 2000 903 144-149. 

Major differences in various configurations are related to the absence or existence of external toroidal coils. In order to discuss the plasma beta for various devices with or without external torodal field coils, let us introduce two definitions for plasma beta. Firstly, the "engineering beta" is the beta value calculated with the magnetic field at the plasma edge B, ... 

Dubois M. Surgical stress in humans is accompanied by an increase in plasma beta-endorphin immunoreactivity. Life Sci 1981 29 1249-1254. 

There are no RCTs of nicotine for chronic nonmalignancy pain or cancer pain. The existing data suggest that chronic nicotine users may actually be more sensitive to pain than non-smokers. Symptoms are more pronounced in smokers with more severe nicotine dependence [6]. The association between the intensity of pain in chronic pain states and smoking status was explained by higher levels of substance P (P for pain) in the cerebral spinal fluid and lower plasma beta-endorphin levels than in non-smokers. There are similarities between hypersensitivity to pain induced by chronic nicotine use and opioid-induced hyperalgesia and opioid-induced tolerance in chronic pain states. Further research is needed to explore and explain these effects. 

In spite of the emphasis which has been put on the cholesterol moiety, it is possible that the cause for the increase in plasma beta-lipoproteins actually resides with the protein moiety or with abnormal binding of protein to cholesterol. Alternatively, the phospholipid moiety may be involved primarily, while cholesterol elevation may only be secondary. Here is a particularly interesting field for future investigation. 

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