Plants negative electrode

Negative electrodes in Plante batteries are of the pasted type. 

Lead-acid accumulator — (- Sinsteden 1854, - Plante 1859-60) A secondary - battery containing a lead dioxide positive electrode, a metallic lead negative electrode and a sulfuric acid aqueous electrolyte solution. The electrode reactions are... 

S.N.A.M. decided to build its plant in 1982 in order to treat waste from battery manufacture in the USA and France (SAFT) and then to process negative electrodes from nickel recovery companies engaged in the dismantling of industrial batteries. 

The lead-acid battery, which is used mainly in cars, was invented by Gaston Plante in 1859. It contains a liquid electrolyte which is a aqueous sulfuric acid solution with density 1.290 g/cm (about 4.5M H2SO4 in concentration). The electrodes are two lead rods or plates that have each rmdergone a special treatment. The negative electrode consists of a lead plate covered with spongy lead. The positive electrode consists of lead(II) oxide deposited on the lead rod or plate. Each cell provides a 2 V output, so six cells in series give a 12 V battery. 

In general, the baser the metal, the lower (more negative) the electrical potential at the anode and the higher the potential rate of corrosion. Carbon steel and low-alloy steels (which are widely used in boiler plants) have a relatively low potential with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode and can therefore be expected to corrode readily unless active prevention measures are taken. Copper and brasses have a relatively higher potential. 

FIG. 21 The time dependence between positive and negative peaks of action potential induced by Colorado potato beetles on the distance between electrodes. The plants were given water every other day and kept at 20° C. A few electrodes were immersed in potato seed and different parts of the plant stem 2 h before measurements of the potential difference. (From Ref. 7.)... 

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