Plant propagation materials

Timing is crucial when the crop is harvested for the tops. The optimum time is when tuber bulking is just beginning. This ensures that there will be sufficient propagation material left in the ground to form the next season s crop, but the majority of the ffuctans still remain in the aerial plant parts for harvest. Timing, therefore, varies widely with cultivar and production conditions. 

Develop plant propagation systems for modular transplants and vegetative reproductive material (e.g. potato tubers, onion sets)... 

Hot water treatments are effective in producing clean seed and planting materials. Seed and vegetative propagation materials (such as roots, bulbs, corms, and tubers) may be treated before planting to eliminate some fungal, bacterial, and viral diseases. 

Detection and quantification of pathogens will allow determination of pest and pathogen levels in soil, planting media, water and propagating materials such as seeds and cuttings. Levels can then be related to future... 

Sexually reproduced plants, except fungi, bacteria and first generation hybrids are protected by the 1970 Plant Variety Protection Act or PVPA. This Act provides for the issuance of a certificate of plant variety protection from the Plant Variety Protection Office of the Department of Agriculture which administers the Act. The protection granted provides protection against unauthorized propagation of seed to be sold or used as a propagating material for a period of 18 years. 

Breeders study the production of vine stocks for years in vineyards. The propagation material is collected from all of the positive stocks. This method is rapid enough, and considerable progress can be made in the selection. Pdl Kozma, Head of the Selection Centre of Vine and Fruit in Budapest, used mass selection for the most important vine varieties in 1957. They became widespread in the whole country (Kozma, 1957). The propagation materials of the selected vine stocks were used for large-scale planting during the Second Five Year Plan. 

The key to safety in explosives manufacturing is to use isolated high-velocity nitric acid reactors that have only a veiy small hold up at any one time (that is, only a small amount of dangerous material is held up inside the reactor at any time). Units are widely spaced, so any accident involves only small amounts of explosive and does not propagate through the plant. Fire and electrical spark hazards are rigorously controlled, and manpower reduced to the absolute minimum through automation. 

As you can see, it is important to plan the extent of the hazardous areas and various methods, such as fire walls, to prevent the transfer or propagation of volatile/flammahle materials from one plant area to another. When in douht, err on the side of being safe and conservative. Also keep in mind that dust can be just as hazardous as flammable liquids/ vapors and must be classified and handled accordingly. Tables 14-9 and 14-10 identify the NEMA Standard for Motors. ... 

---