Plant physiology transpiration

Hubick, K.T., Shorter, R. Farquhar, G.D. (1988). Heritability and genotype x environment interactions of carbon isotope discrimination and transpiration efficiency in peanut. Australian Journal of Plant Physiology, 15 (in press). 

Westgate, M.E. Boyer, J.S. (1984). Transpiration-induced and growth-induced water potentials in maize. Plant Physiology, 74, 882-9. 

It has long been recognized that boron is required by higher plants [61, 62], and recent research indicates the involvement of boron in three main aspects of plant physiology cell wall structure, membrane function, and reproduction. In vascular plants, boron in solution moves in the transpiration stream from the roots and accumulates in the stems and leaves. Once in the leaves, the translocation of boron is limited and requires a phloem transport mechanism. The nature of this mechanism was only recently elucidated with the isolation of a number of borate polyol compounds from various plants [63-65]. These include sorbitol-borate ester complexes isolated from the floral nectar of peaches and mannitol-borate ester complexes from the phloem sap of celery. The implication is that the movement of boron in plants depends on borate-polyol ester formation with the particular sugar polyol compounds used as transport molecules in specific plants. 

In addition to climatic processes, other interactions, such as transpiration through the leaf stomata, will also affect water overall isotopic ratio, enriching with regard to the heavier isotopomer. Therefore, it can be seen how the combination of climate, topography, and plant physiology can all contribute to the isotopic profile of both the H and the O available for inclusion into plant material. 

Plants also undergo the same metabolic respiration processes, whereby the plant energy sources such as sugars undergo respiration to yield carbon dioxide and water. This is accompanied by transpiration, the elimination of water vapor to the atmosphere via the leaves, as derived from soil water and its nutrients, and also from respiration. (And which influences climate, notably via the tropical rain forests.) More details about plant biochemistry are furnished in the standard references and textbooks, e.g., in Plant Physiology by Frank B. Salisbury and Cleon W. Ross (1985). 

Figure 23.2.5. Phytoremediation transport modes for HC and CHC in plant systems. Transformation of HC and CHC can be found in the root system with root-associated microbes and tissues of many plant species. HC and CHC are transported by normal plant physiological processes, such as water uptake and evaporation and transpiration. [Schematic courtesy M.A. Bucaro.]...

Koritz, H. G.. and F. W. Went. The physiological action of smog on plants. I. Initial growth and transpiration studies. Plant Physiol. 28 50-62, 1953. 

A measure at the physiologic level of how well plants use available water in photosynthesis. The assimilation rate is divided by the transpiration rate the moles of C02 taken up are divided by the moles of water lost through transpiration in a unit of time, inversion... 

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