Bacteria planktonic

This is a general name for a wide variety of corrosion processes that may be actively or passively influenced, or induced, by an even wider variety of microbiological organisms. The electrochemical reactions that occur always result in metal wastage, as with all other forms of corrosion the most active biocorrosion processes primarily involve sessile bacteria rather than planktonic bacteria, algae, or fungi. 

Planktonic bacteria and spores are easily and quickly killed by low levels of free chlorine (typically, 99% kill in under 1 minute with less than 0.1 ppm Ch at pH 7.0). 

A description of any type of bacteria found attached or bound-up in slimes or biofilm. Potentially more of a problem than planktonic bacteria due to the difficulty of biocides penetrating the slime and the potential for rapid system re-infection. 

Krambeck, C., Krambeck, H.-3. and Overbeck, 3., 1981. Microcomputer assisted biomass determination of plankton bacteria on scanning electron micrographs. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 42 142-149. 

Cole, J. J., G. E. Likens, and D. L. Strayer. 1982. Photosynthetically produced dissolved organic carbon An important carbon source for planktonic bacteria. Limnology and Oceanography 27 1080-1090. 

Tranvik, L. J. 1988a. Availability of dissolved organic carbon for planktonic bacteria in oligotrophic lakes of differing humic content. Microbial Ecology 16 311-322. 

Rosenstock, B., and M. Simon. 1993. Use of dissolved combined and free amino acids by planktonic bacteria in Lake Constance. Limnology and Oceanography 38 1521—1531. 

Field, K. G., D. Gordon, T. Wright, M. Rappe, E. Urbach, K. Vergin, and S. J. Giovannoni. 1997. Diversity and depth-specific distribution of SAR11 cluster rRNA genes from marine planktonic bacteria. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 63 63-70. 

Macromolecules such as exopolysaccharides and humic condensates affect the distribution of microorganisms and nutrients within the water column by adding microstructure. Many planktonic bacteria and algae secrete polysaccharides. In some circumstances, exopolysaccharide production is a substantial portion of gross production. The adaptive significance of this activity is unclear. Possibilities include the dumping of excess photosynthate,... 

There are a variety of compounds released by phytoplankton that could serve as chemokinetic attractants for planktonic bacteria. Bell and Mitchell28 showed that a suite of motile (but unidentified) marine bacteria are attracted to filtrates of phytoplankton cultures but only in cultures old enough to contain senescent or lysed cells. They identified a number of amino acids, polyalcohols, and sugars in the filtrates, many of which were chemoattractants for one or more of the bacterial isolates (Table 12.1). Subsequently, amino acids were also shown to be chemoattractants for planktonic isolates of an unidentified psychrophilic vibrio46 and a Pseudomonas sp which is also attracted to sugars47 (Table 12.1). Planktonic bacteria can also be chemokineticly repelled by... 

Borsheim, K. Y., Bratbak, G., and Heldal, M. (1990). Enumeration and biomass estimation of planktonic bacteria and viruses by transmission electron microscopy. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56, 352-356. 

Gasol,. M., Zweifel, U. L., Peters, F., Fuhrman,. A., andHagstrom, A. (1999). Significance of size and nucleic acid content heterogeneity as measured by flow-cytometry in natural planktonic bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65, 4475—4483. 

Hansson, L. J., and Norrman, B. (1995). Release of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by the scypho-zoan jellyfish Aurelia aurita and its potential influence on the production of planktonic bacteria. Mar. Biol. 121, 527-532. 

Nagata, T. (1986). Carbon and nitrogen content of natural planktonic bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 52(1), 28-32. 

Jannasch, H.W., 1958. Studies on planktonic bacteria by means of a direct membrane filter method. J. Gen. Microbiol., 18 609—620. 

Vadstein, O. (1994) The role of heterotrophic, planktonic bacteria in the cycling of phosphorus in lakes phosphorus requirements, competitive ability and food web interactions. PhD thesis, University of Trondheim (cited by Gismervik etal., 1996). 

The effect of ozone on planktonic bacteria was also studied by these authors. Fig. 14.20 gives some data and shows that if ozone residuals are maintained at 0.4 mg/l for 2 - 3 minutes, 100% kill of the cells is achieved. 

Sieburth, J.Mc.N., 1968. Observations on planktonic bacteria in Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island a resume. Bull. Misaki Biol. Inst., Kyoto Univ., 12 49—64. 

Jurgens, K. and Gude, H. (1990) Incorporation and release of phosphorus by planktonic bacteria and phagotrophic flagellates. Marine Ecology Progress Series 59, 271-284. 

Vadstein, O. (1998) Evaluation of competitive ability of two heterotrophic planktonic bacteria under phosphorus limitation. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 14, 119-127. 

Vadstein, O. (2000) Heterotrophic, planktonic bacteria and cycling of phosphorus phosphorus requirements, competitive ability, and food web interactions. Advances in Microbial Ecology 16, 115M67. 

---