Display pixel

Various ways of making full-color displays have been proposed. These are summarized in Figure 7.14. Perhaps the most obvious method is simply to fabricate red, green, and blue subpixels side by side on the same substrate (Figure 7.14a). Many companies have adopted this approach, e.g., Pioneer demonstrated a full-color QVGA (320 x 240 pixels) display at the Japan Electronics Show in 1998. Figure 7.15 is an example of a full-color display patterned using a side-by-side approach. 

Figure 167 Time for the derivative of PPV (OCiCio)-based device, ITO/polyaniline(50nm)/OCiCi0(100nm)/Ca/Al, to drop to half-luminescence of its initial value plotted as a function of temperature. The circles indicate 3 cm2 single pixel devices driven in DC. Squares indicate data for pixellated displays driven in pulsed mode (1/16 duty cycle, 200 Hz, same average luminance as DC devices). Current density for DC driven devices is 8.3mA/cm2. After Ref. 587. Copyright 1999 American Institute of Physics, with permission.

Field-driven display elements such as liquid crystals and electrophoretic display materials (of which e-Ink is the leading example) are typically ma-trixed to create large panel sizes with a manageable number of external contacts. For a 1,000,000 pixel display, for example, a matrixed panel can use 2,000 contacts 1000 rows and 1000 columns. 

In order to maintain full resolution in 3-D mode, a time division barrier method is proposed as shown in Figure 16.13 [41]. During odd frames, odd-column pixels display the left-eye image and even-column pixels display the right-eye image. The LC barrier is operated in barrier-B... 

QIA 06] Qiang Z., Ma Z., Zheng Z. et al, Novel Photo-crosslinkable light-emitting rod/coil copolymers underlying facile material for fabricating pixelated displays , Macromolecular Rapid Communications, vol. 27, no. 20, pp. 1779-1786, 2006. 

Let us start with a description of the experimental set-up, which was built by two students who were experimenting in my laboratory. The scheme of the 16 pixel display is shown in Figures 2.1 and 2.2. The display is made up of two rectangular glass plates assembled in a thin sandwich by means of two mylar spacers 200 pm thick and a few droplets of an epoxy glue placed at the edges of the cell. 

During demonstrations with our 16 pixel display, it is interesting to show that its optical action is reversed when the polarizers are parallel instead of being crossed (Figure 2.5). Another interesting feature of the display is its relaxation time which is of the order of 15 s. Such a long relaxation time (much longer than in real TN displays) is due to the thickness of the cell. Indeed, the relaxation time in the Fredericks transition varies as so that when the thickness of the cell is 20 pm instead of 200 pm, the relaxation time becomes 0.15 s instead of 15 s. 

The liquid crystal display device comprising a pair of substrates with alignment layers formed thereon, and a liquid crystal filled between the substrates. Each pixel has pixel display portions CA, CB and non-display portions DA, EA, DB, EB. The pixel display portions are treated for realizing alignment in a different manner from the non-display portions and the alignment of the pixel display portions is controlled by the alignment of... 

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