Graphical Piping Analysis

Angus, R. W., Graphical Analysis of Water Hammer in Branched and Compound Pipes, cited in R. L. Daugherty and A. C. Ingersoll, Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1954. 

Haque, M.S. Starczewski, J, Graphical Shortcuts to Pipe Stress Analysis. Hydrocarbon Processing Petroleum Refiner, June 1962, p. 135. 

In addition to these complexities, there may be other issues that need to be included in the analysis that are not readily included using the graphical approach. These might include forbidden matches (e.g. because a long pipe run may be necessary), compulsory matches (e.g. for operability) and capital cost issues (e.g. the cost of running pipes between operations). 

Mori and Ototake (M17) have presented a mathematical analysis of the laminar flow of Bingham-plastic materials in the annulus between two concentric pipes. The complex results have been shown in convenient graphical form which enables one to solve for the flow rate corresponding to a given pressure gradient. 

The typical analysis, which is described in this protocol, consists in using successively different tools to go from a list of genes to a graphical map showing the instances of the significant motifs (sequence retrieval -> pattern discovery -> pattern matching -> feature-map). For this purpose, the tools are interconnected the result of one tool can be sent as input for the next tool (piping). 

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