Pioneer Project

Pevek, Chukotsky Autonomous Region, was recommended for the implementation of the pioneer project. 

DENDRAL is described in many computer science books as the first expert system. Moreover, it can be considered as one of the roots of chemoinformatics. Interestingly, even NASA was among the founders of this pioneering project, with the ambitious intention to supply future Mars missions with such software, to enable einalysis and interpretation of MS samples onboard a pilotless spacecraft and to broadcast only identified structural formulas back to earth instead of huge GC/MS data sets. 

GIS and GPS reconstructing nature pioneering projects landscape modification alternative energy projects conservation sustainability climate modeling research and development -conflict reconstructi< nuclear testing... 

At that time I started to work with Dr. Clive R. Taylor, Professor and Chairman of Pathology at the University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine. Clive is a world renowned pioneer in archival IHC used for pathology since the early 1970s. With his kind help and support, I have been conducting a series of research projects on basic principles, further development, standardization and mechanisms of the AR technique. This work has yielded more than 40 peer reviewed articles and a book. Our AR research has been funded by NIH grant since 2001. 

Ballard Power Systems supplied one of the first fuel cell demonstration projects for British Columbia Transit. Ballard is a pioneer and major producer of fuel cells which it installed in several Vancouver, Canada city buses. The fuel cell powered New Flier buses are much cleaner than new diesels and they are not adding to Vancouver s smog problem. A similar demonstration has taken place in Chicago, where the modified city buses have been called the Green Machines. 

Project-research, as it evolved during the war and through the 1920s had several characteristics common to what is known as the "problem approach" already in existence at that time. The United States government had pioneered in the problem approach as early as 1880 in the Department of Agriculture, and for years several bureau chiefs had assigned experts in various disciplines... 

Another collateral effect of the DESI project was the development of the abbreviated NDA, by which a generic version of the innovator product could satisfy the statutory preconditions for entering the market, without repeating the preclinical and clinical studies of the innovator. This administrative creation, designed to assure that generics were both pharmaceutically equivalent and bioequivalent to the pioneer product, was endorsed by Congress in 1984. As will be seen, this development had a staggering impact on the business model of the pharma industry. 

The pioneering work of Natta and co-workers introduced the concept of tacticity, i.e. the orderliness of the succession of configurational repeating units in the main chain of a polymer. For example, in polypropene (polypropylene), possible steric arrangements are (shown in Fischer projections displayed horizontally) ... 

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