Pigment admixtures

Aluminum powder—Cl Pigment Metal 1, Cl No. 77000, EEC No. E 173. Finely divided particles of aluminum prepared from virgin aluminum [7429-90-5]. It is free from admixture with other substances. 

This chromogen (1.13) is somewhat reminiscent of the indigoid and anthraquinone types but it has not yielded useful vat dyes. Bluish red pigments of the quinacridone class are especially important in violet and magenta colours or for deep reds in admixture with inorganic cadmium scarlets. 

Other fine materials which tend to inhibit air entrainment include pigments, particularly carbon black. This is of concern to the ready-mixed operator supplying integrally colored concrete for exterior exposure [6]. Accelerating admixtures which are used to reduce down time and in cold weather concreting can be used successfully in air-entrained concrete, but should be added separately and in solution form to the mix. Direct contact of these admixtures with some types of air-entraining agents mixed in the same water phase may adversely affect both admixtures. 

Cadmium fluoride has similar uses to the zinc halide. Cadmium oxide is used in ceramic glazes the sulfate, as a source of other cadmium compounds and in the radio valve industry the sulfide is important as a yellow pigment for artists, and is used in the paint, soap, glass, textile, paper, rubber and pyrotechnics industries. Cadmium sulfide in admixture with other compounds such as the selenide gives rise to other pigments of value. It is also used in phosphors and fluorescent screens and in scintillation counters. Semiconductors such as CdS... 

New applications are opening up through the introduction of pigments into dendrimers - e.g. for toner materials - and by admixture as additives to chemical materials. 

Firstly it can be used for obtaining layers with a thickness of several mono-layers to introduce and to distribute uniformly very low amounts of admixtures. This may be important for the surface of sorption and catalytic, polymeric, metal, composition and other materials. Secondly, the production of relatively thick layers, on the order of tens of nm. In this case a thickness of nanolayers is controlled with an accuracy of one monolayer. This can be important in the optimization of layer composition and thickness (for example when kernel pigments and fillers are produced). Thirdly the ML method can be used to influence the matrix surface and nanolayer phase transformation in core-shell systems. It can be used for example for intensification of chemical solid reactions, and in sintering of ceramic powders. Fourthly, the ML method can be used for the formation of multicomponent mono- and nanolayers to create surface nanostructures with uniformly varied thicknesses (for example optical applications), or with synergistic properties (for example flame retardants), or with a combination of various functions (polyfunctional coatings). Nanoelectronics can also utilize multicomponent mono- and nanolayers. 

The following pigments were identified in admixture with other betaxanthins indicaxanihin (2), vulgaxanihin II (44), vulgaxanthin I (45), miraxanthin III (54), and betaxanthins derived from a-aminoadipic acid, valine, and leucine. 

Carbon can substantially reduce the effectiveness of air-entraining admixtures. Care may be needed when using pfa or certain pigments. 

Pigmental concrete and mortar will normally have the same physical properties as the unpigmented mix except that certain pigments, e.g., carbon black, may cause slight loss of compressive strength at early ages. Carbon can also diminish the effectiveness of air-entraining admixtures. 

Chem. Desetp. All naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate Uses Dispersant for industrial applies., paints, pigments, inks water decreaser in concrete admixtures Properties Powd. anionic 100% act. 

A mixture of polymer(s) with all materials necessary for the finished product In reinforced plastics and composites, the intimate admixture of a polymer with other ingredients, such as fillers, softeners, plasticizers, reinforcements, catalysts, pigments, dyes, etc. 

The naturally occurring equivalent of Ca(OH)2 is portlandite (q.v.). This is rare and confined primarily to volcanic environments. It has been recorded as an admixture to orpiment pigments (q.v. FitzHugh, 1997). 

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