Piezoelectric quartz crystal immunosensor

Luo, Y., Chen, M., Wen, Q., et al. (2006). Rapid and simultaneous quantification of four urinary proteins by piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance immunosensor... 

Y.S. Fung and Y.Y. Wong, Self-assembled monolayers as the coating in a quartz piezoelectric crystal immunosensor to detect salmonella in aqueous solution. Anal. Chem. 73, 5302-5309 (2001). 

Ben-Dov, I., Willneg I., and Zisman, E, Piezoelectric immunosensors for urine specimeas ol Chlamydia trachomatis employing quartz crystal microbalance microgravimetric analyses. Anal. Chem. 1997, 69, 3506-3512. 

Acoustic transducers have also been used in immunosensors for water analysis (Guilbault, 1992). The resonant frequency of an oscillating piezoelectric crystal can be affected by a change in mass at the crystal surface. Piezoelectric immunosensors are able to measure a small change in mass. Recent publications have been based on immunosensors using a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for the detection of trace amounts of chemical compounds, such as dioxins (Kurosawa, 2003). 

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