Piezoelectric inkjet printing

DNA arrays are fabricated by immobilizing the complementary DNA (cDNA) onto a solid substrate such as silicon, nylon or glass. This can be achieved by robotic printing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products (also known as direct-deposition approach), photolithographical synthesis of complementary oligonucleotides or piezoelectric inkjet printing of PCR products (also known as indirect-deposition approach). 

Wu HC, Lin HJ, Kuo YC, Hwang WS. (2004) Simulation of droplet ejection for a piezoelectric inkjet printing device. Mater Transact 45 893-899. 

Derived from standard desktop printers, drop-on-demand techniques, such as electrohydrodynamic jet (e-jet) printing, solid freeform fabrication (SFF), or piezoelectric inkjet printing, are among a few notable examples of rapid prototyping techniques that have been developed to pattern biomaterials. With the incorporation of a user friendly computer interface, these techniques have been employed to process a number of multiplexed, biomaterial constructs without the use of masks, stamps, or any other time consuming processing equipment. The design of such constructs with minimal feature sizes in the microliter to picoliter resolution has been demonstrated and will be discussed below. 

In 1990, a piezoelectric inkjet printing principle was introduced by Epson (5,6,19). However, earlier patents with regard to piezoelectric elements can be found (20) ... 

Phosphor particles of 2 jum are uniformly dispersed throughout the composition. The composition is deposited through either thermal or piezoelectric inkjet printing. 

Metal porphyrins and phthalocyanines embedded in transparent sol-gel films have been deposited by piezoelectric inkjet printing. Their use as gas sensors was studied (29). 

Kim JD, Choi JS, Kim BS, Choi YC, Cho YW. Piezoelectric inkjet printing of polymers stem cell patterning on polymer substrates. Polymer 2010 51 2147-2154. 

Figure A A Inkjet printing ejection mechanisms (a) Thermal inkjet printing (Reprintedfrom Bcdlarinet at, 2004, with permission from Elsevier), (h) piezoelectric inkjet printing (Fuller et al., 2002) (c) electrostatic inkjet printing (Lin and Bai, 2004) (d) acoustic inkjet printing (Parashkov et al., 2005).

Wang, T., Cook, C., Derby, B., 2009. Fabrication of a glucose biosensor by piezoelectric inkjet printing. In Sensor Technologies and Apphcations, 2009. SENSORCOMM 09. Third International Conference on, 18-23 June 2009, pp. 82-85. 

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