Photo stability oxidation

Ranby, B. and Rabek, J., Photo Degradation, Photo Oxidation and Photo Stabilization of Polymers, Wiley, New York, 1975, 75. 

There has been a tendency in the past to ignore the effects of processing on the photo-stability of polymers. The technologist is concerned with the effects of photo-oxidation on fabricated articles such as film and fibres and in most published technolgical studies of polymer photo-stability, the detailed thermal history of the polymer is not specified. 

N.S. Allen, A. Chirinos-Padron, and J.H. Appleyard, Photo-stabilizing action of metal chelates in polypropylene. Part n. Photolysis versus photosensitized oxidation under monochromatic irradiation, Polym. Degrad. Stab. 1983, 5, 29—41. 

In the first class of CPs nanocomposites, the oxides considered as secondary component are titanium dioxide (TiO ), zirconium dioxide (ZrOj), silicon dioxide (SiO ), aluminium oxide (Al O ), cadmium oxide (CdO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) [19, 27, 31, 48-52]. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have excellent properties such as charge carrier, oxidising power, non-toxicity, chemical and photo stability. Conductive PANI/TiO nanocomposites combine the qualities of PANI and nanocrystalline TiO within a single material, thereby developing multifunctional materials with combined properties which have very strong potential applications. 

Light Stabilizers. Most polymers degrade as a result of photo-induced oxidation so that for durable applications requiring weatherability it is necessary... 

Allen, N. S. Thermal and photo-chemical oxidation of Nylon 6,6 Some aspects of the importance of a, p-unsaturated carhonyl groups and hydroperoxides, Polymer Degradation and Stability, 8 (1984), p. 55-62... 

Ivanov, V. B. Khavina, E. Yu. Voinov, S. I. Olkhov, A. A. Plast. Massy. 2007, 1,31. Ranby, B. Rabek, J. F. Photodegradation, Photo-oxidation and Photo stabilization of Polymers, Wiley, London, 1975. 

B. Ranby and J. F. Rabek, "Photodegradation, Photo-Oxidation and Photo-Stabilization of Polymers", J. Wiley Sons, New York, 1975 also, B. Ranby, "Polymer Surfaces", D. T. Clark and W. J. Feast, Editors, Chap. 18, J. Wiley Sons, New York, 1978, see also B. J. Bulkin, C. S. Chen and E. M. Fierce,... 

Polyolefins are intrinsically unsuitable for outdoor durable applications since the will easily photo-oxidize in exterior conditions. However, their combination of low cost, ease of processing, and recyclability continues to promote research into effective methods of photo stabilization of polyolefins. Adequate pigment levels will afford some protection from UV radiation to the host polyolefin. UV stabilizers and antioxidants, however, need to be added to the durable in order to ensure long term performance in outdoor environments. There is usually negligible to no protection of colorants from photo degradation with these same polymer additives. 

Protection of polymers against thermal and photo-oxidative degradation is achieved with appropriate stabilizers that ensure the desirable polymer properties throughout the entire service life of the polymer. Compatible and polymeric stabilizers usually give the best protection. In order to avoid migration and evaporation, polymeric stabilizers are used. 

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