Organic light-emitting diode phosphorescent

White Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. 336... 

G. He, O. Schneider, D. Qin, X. Zhou, M. Pfeiffer, and K. Leo, Very high-efficiency and low voltage phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes based on a p-i-n junction, J. Appl. Phys., 95 5773-5777 (2004). 

The efficient green emitting iridium(lll) complexes and phosphorescent organic light emitting diode characteristics... 

The phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) based on Ir(dmp>py)3 complexes were fabricated by the vacuum deposition technique with the following configuration ITO/copper phthalocyanine (CuPc, 10 nm) as hole injection layer/4,4 -bis[(l-naphthyl)(phenyl)-amino]-l,l -biphenyl (NPD, 40 nm) as hole transport layer/CBP Ir(dmppy)3 (8%) (20 nm) as emissive layer/2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-l,10-phenanthroline (BCP, 10 nm) as a hole blocking layer/ tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alqs, 40 nm) as an electron transport layer/LiF (1 nm) as electron injection layer/ A1 (100... 

Kim, S. H Jang, J. Lee, J. Y. (2007). High efficiency phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes usine carbazole-type triplet exciton blocking layer. Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 90, pp. 223505-223507. 

Table 1. Adjustment parameters of Phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes (unit run)...

T.Y.-H. Lee, Q. Wang, J.U. Wallace, S.H. Chen, Temporal stability of blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes affected by thermal annealing of emitting layers. J. Mater. Chem. 22, 23175-23180 (2012)... 

Poly(norbornene) with 9,9 -(l,l -biphenyl)-4,4 -diylbis-9H-carbazole side groups has been investigated as a host material for green emitters in phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes [85]. The synthesis is shown in Figure 1.12. 

Hino Y, Kajii H, Ohmori Y. Red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes using mixture system of small-molecule and polymer host. Jpn J Appl Phys Part 1 2005 44(4B) 2790-4. 

K.S. Yook, J.Y. Lee, Organic materials for deep blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes, Adv. Mater. 24 (2012) 3169-3190. 

JEO 11] Jeon S O., Jang S.E., Son H.S. etal., External quantum efficiency above 20% in deep blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes . Advanced Materials, vol. 23, no. 12, pp. 1436-1441, 2011. 

SAL 13] Salert B.C.D., KRUEGER H., Baghich S.A. et al, New polymer matrix system for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes and the role of the small molecular co-host . Journal of Polymer Science A Polymer Chemistry, vol. 51, no. 3, pp. 601-613,2013. 

ZAC 07] ZachARIAS P., Gather M.C., Rojahn M. et al, New crosslinkable hole eonductors for blue-phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes , Angewandte der Chemie International Edition, vol. 46, no. 23, pp. 4388-4392, 2007. 

An important breakthrough came with the discovery that with the addition of phosphorescent dopant emitters such as Ft, Ir, Os, etc., the energy could be transferred from the triplet states to the dopant molecules which could decay radiatively. As a result, the internal quantum efficiency (the number of photons generated inside the device per electron-hole pair injected) of these phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PHO-LEDs) (PHOLED is a trademark of the Universal Display Corporation, Ewing, New Jersey) can approach a quantum efficiency 100% at a luminescence of 100 cd/sr. 

---