Phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system

Hoving, H. Koning, J.H. Robillard, G.T. Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system role of divalent metals in the dimerization and phosphorylation of enzyme I. Biochemistry, 21, 3128-3136 (1982)... 

Robillard, G.T. Dooijewaard, G. Lolkema, J. Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate dependent phosphotransferase system. Complete purification of enzyme I by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. Biochemistry, 18, 2984-2989 (1979)... 

De Reuse, H. Danchin, A. The ptsH, ptsI, and err genes of the Escherichia coli phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system a complex operon with several modes of transcription. J. Bacteriol., 170, 3827-3837 (1988)... 

Chassy, B. M. and Thompson, J. 1983. Regulation of lactose-phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system and 0-D-phosphogalactoside galactohydrol-ase activities in Lactobacillus casei. J. Bacteriol 154, 1195-1203. 

Park, Y. H. and McKay, L. L. 1982. Distinct galactose phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system in Streptococcus lactis. J. Bacterial 149, 420-425. 

Hiidig, H. Hengstenberg, W. The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) solubilisation and kinetic para-... 

Peters, D. Frank, R. Hengstenberg, W. Lactose-specific enzyme II of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system of Staphylococcus aureus. Purification of the histidine-tagged transmembrane component IICBLac and its hydrophilic IIB domain by metal-affinity chromatography, and functional characterization. Eur. J. Biochem., 228, 798-804 (1995)... 

Unique regulation of carbohydrate chemotaxis in Bacillus subtilis by the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system and the methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein McpC. J. Bacterial. 180, 4475- 480. 

Robfllard, G.T and Broos, J. (1999). Stmcture/fimction studies on the bacterial carbohydrate transporters, enzymes II, of the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1422, 73—104. 

A soluble carrier protein (HPr), one of the common components of all phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase systems, has been purified from the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system of... 

Xiao H, Gu Y, NingY.YangY, Mitchell WJ, Jiang W, et al. Confirmation and elimination of xylose metabolism bottlenecks in glucose phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system-deficient Clostridium acetobutylicum for simultaneous utilization of glucose, xylose, and arabinose. Appl Environ Microbiol 2011 77 7886-95. 

Pickl, A., Johnsen, U., and Schonheit, P. (2012) Fructose degradation in the haloarchaeon Haloferax volcanii involves a bacterial type phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system, fructose-l-phosphate kinase, and class 11 fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase. J Bacteriol 194, 3088-3097. 

The Enzymes II (E-IIs) of the phosphoenolpyruvate (P-enolpyruvate)-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS) are carbohydrate transporters found only in prokaryotes. They not only transport hexoses and hexitols, but also pentitols and disaccharides. The PTS substrates are listed in Table I. The abbreviations used (as superscripts) throughout the text for these substrates are as follows Bgl, jS-gluco-side Cel, cellobiose Fru, fructose Glc, glucose Gut, glucitol Lac, lactose Man, mannose Mtl, mannitol Nag, iV-acetylglucosamine Scr, sucrose Sor, sorbose Xtl, xylitol. 

The biosynthetic pathway that produces bacterial cellulose from glucose and fructose is shown in Fig. 14.2. Glucose is phosphorylated by glucose hexokinase and not by the phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent phosphotransferase system (PTS). The resulting glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) is metabolized through the pentose pathway, because the activity of fructose-6-phosphate (F6P) kinase, which phos-phorylates F6P to fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP), is absent in acetic acid bacteria. 

The bacterial phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase systems (PTS) are characterised by their unique mechanism of group translocation. The transported solute is chemically modified (i.e. phos-phorylated) during the process (for comprehensive reviews see [151,152] and... 

Hardesty, C., Ferran, C. and DiRienzo, J. M. (1991). Plasmid-mediated sucrose metabolism in Escherichia colt characterization of scrY, the structural gene for a phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sucrose phosphotransferase system outer membrane porin, J. Bacteriol, 173, 449-456. 

Abbreviations Acs, acetyl coenzyme A synthetase CheA P, phosphorylated CheA CheY P, phosphorylated CheY FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer GFP, green-fluorescent protein PTS, phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase system YFP, yellow-fluorescent protein. 

Lengeler, J., Auburger, A.-M., Mayer, R. and Pecher, A. (1981). The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate Phosphotransferase system enzymes 11 as chemoreceptors in chemotaxis of Escherichia coli K12. Mol. Gen. Genet. 183, 163-170. 

Figure 11.1 Proposed pathway for hex-ose metabolism of homofermentative LAB (1) and (2) phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) (3) mannitol-specific PTS (4) phospho-glucose isomerase (5) mannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase (6) mannitol-1-phosphatase (7) 6-phosphofructokinase (8) fructose-diphosphatase (9) fructose-1,6-diphosphate aldolase (10) triosephosphate isomerase (11) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase...

The chemotactic receptors to glucose, fructose, mannose and certain other sugars are insensitive to osmotic shock (Table 4.1) and have been shown to be integral parts of the cytoplasmic membrane. These membrane-associated receptors have been shown to be identical with enzymes II, the substrate-specific components of phosphotransferase transport (the PEP system). The essential event during sugar translocation using the PEP system is the phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of the... 

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