Phosgene Guidelines

Initially, 50 was converted into the benzoxazinone 51 by reaction with phosgene in the presence of triethylamine and 51 was isolated in 95% yield upon crystallization from methanol. Deprotection of the pMB group from 51 was accomplished with ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN) in aqueous acetonitrile. Efavirenz was isolated in 76% yield after crystallization from EtOAc-heptane (5 95), as shown in Scheme 1.19. There were two issues identified in this route. First, lequiv of ani-saldehyde was generated in this reaction, which could not be cleanly rejected from product 1 by simple crystallization to an acceptable level under the ICH guideline. Anisaldehyde was removed from the organic extract as a bisulfite adduct by washing with aqueous Na2S205 twice, prior to the crystallization of 1. Secondly,... 

This report is the second volume in the series Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals. AEGL reports for aniline, arsine, monomethylhydrazine, and dimethylhydrazine were reviewed in the first volume. AEGL documents for five chemicals—phosgene, propylene glycol dinitrate, 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane, 1,1-dichloro-l-fluoroethane, and hydrogen cyanide—are published as an appendix to this report. The subcommittee... 

Table 1-15 provides existing standards and guidelines for phosgene. 

APPENDIX B DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS FOR PHOSGENE (CAS No. 75-... 

Many inhalation regulatory and guideline levels have been derived for phosgene. These values are summarized in Table 23.5, and the definitions and basis for the values are described in the footnotes to Table 23.5. 

NRC (National Research Council) (2002). Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vol. 2, Phosgene, pp. 15-70. National Academy Press, Washington DC. 

Owing to the absence of sufficient animal data on the carcinogenic behaviour of phosgene, the material has not been classified according to the EPA s guidelines for carcinogenic risk assessment. It is therefore considered as a "class D " material for these... 

Disposal Excess phosgene and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution s waste disposal guidelines. For more information on disposal procedures, see Chapter 7 of this volume. 

Bast, C., Bress, B., 2002. Acute exposure guideline levels for selected airborne chemicals. Phosgene The National Research Council, Committee on Toxicology, vol. 2. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC. 

Department of Health and Human Services (2007) Medical Management Guidelines for Phosgene Oxime, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. 

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