Phlox

Phlox Carolina L., a tall, perennial phlox native to southeastern United States, was shown to exhibit a substantial degree of flavonoid variation by Levy and Levin (1975). In a subsequent paper. Levy and Lujii (1978) described attempts to establish geographical patterns in the occurrence of leaf fiavonoids. Seventy-three collections were made representing populations in Georgia, Alabama (a total of 64 populations). 

Fig. 2.54 Map showing collection sites for Phlox Carolina study...

This study of Phlox Carolina represents one of the best examples in the flavonoid chemosystematic literature where workers combined thorough sampling, detailed statistical analysis, and an intimate knowledge of the biology of the system under scrutiny to produce a convincing picture of natural variation. As mentioned at the beginning of this discussion, a more casual approach would have undoubtedly overlooked the subtle differences that characterize this system. 

Levy, M. 1976. Altered glycoflavone expression in induced autotetraploids of Phlox. Biochem. Syst. Ecol. 4 249-254. 

There are all sorts of commercial supports available. Quick and easy to use are the galvanized metal or plastic circles with a grid, or L-shaped plastic-coated wires that hook into each other. Suitable candidates for this type of staking are clump-forming perennials such as heleniums, phloxes, and chrysanthemums. 

Figure 5-3. Plasma desorption mass spectra of anthocyanidins extracted from A. chrysanthemum, B. begonia, C. carnation, and D. phlox. The data in this figure was published in the article Plasma desorption mass spectrometry of anthocyanidins , Rap. Comm. Mass Spectrom. 7 400-403, by Wood, K. V., Bonham, C. C., Ng, J., Hipskind, J. and Nicholson, R. L. 1993. Copyright John Wiley and Sons. Reproduced with permission.

D C RED No. 22 DISODIUM EOSIN EOSINE EOSINE SODIUM SALT EOSINE YELLOWISH EOSIN GELBLICH (GERMAN) FENAZO EOSINE XG HIDACID DIBROMO FLUORESCEIN IRGALITE BRONZE RED CL PHLOXINE TONER B PHLOX RED TONER X-1354 PURE EOSINE YY 11445 RED SODIUM EOSINATE... 

Contorted, where one margin is invariably exterior and the other interior, giving the bud a twisted appearance, as in the Oleander and Phlox. 

Hypocrateriform, or Salver-shaped (more correctly, hypocrateri-morphous), when the tube is long and slender, as in Phlox or Trailing Arbutus and abruptly expands into a flat limb. The name is derived from that of the ancient Salver, or hypocraterium with the stem or handle beneath. 

The severity of pest and disease attacks varies among phlox species most are durable plants that easily withstand problems. Garden phlox, however, is injured by a number of pest and disease organisms, as described below. 

Cause Phlox plant bugs. See Buds and leaves deformed or dwarfed on page 178. 

Leaves deformed stems swollen or deformed plant stunted. Cause Bulb and stem nematodes. Plants infested with these tiny roundworms have crinkled, thin, or threadlike leaves, distorted shoot tips, and swollen stems. Stunted plants fail to flower and may die. Nematodes travel over wet plants on a film of water or on garden tools and gardeners moving among plants. There is no cure for infested plants remove and destroy them. Do not grow phlox in sites where nematodes are present. Remove debris from gardens in fall to control pest populations. 

Leaves with brown spots. Cause Fungal diseases. Several fungi cause leaf spots that enlarge, run together, and form blotches. Don t overcrowd plants avoid working with phlox when leaves are wet remove and destroy infected plant parts and severely infected plants. If leaf spots are a regular problem, spray with sulfur or bordeaux mix. 

Plants Affected A wide range of herbaceous plants. Plants that are particularly susceptible include chrysanthemums, asters, dahlias, phlox, primroses, and strawberries. 

Plants Affected A wide range of woody and herbaceous plants. Some plants that are particularly susceptible include lilacs, phlox, bee balm, squash, roses, and zinnias. 

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