Phenomenological features

In addition to the main six experimental observations mentioned at the beginning of this Section, some other phenomenological features of the ECT of the cancerous tumors (e.g., grown on the rat skins) have been also noted, as follows 37... 

Other forms of behavior have been shown to be similar to the classical addictions. Some people seem unable to control their use of credit cards or, more generally, to control their impulse to obtain goods in a pattern that is detrimental to their economy and, often, their social life. Others seem to be sexually insatiable or at least unable to abstain from the pursuit of new and ever more frequent sexual encounters. These types of behavior are often named manias, obviously to illustrate a state of mind characterized by impoverished self-insight and self-control. The common phenomenological feature of these cases—pathological gambling, eating... 

Again, not all the putative addictions have all the phenomenological features. Whereas craving and cue dependence seem to be universal features of any candidate member of the group of addictive substances or... 

The upshot is that hypnosis and lucid dreaming both result from oppositely directed changes in the balance of regional activation levels that drive AIM toward a forbidden zone with congruent but reciprocal phenomenological features. 

Some phenomenological features of a representative phase diagram (for C02) were previously described in Section 2.5. In the present section, we shall first review key topological features of the phase diagram for H20 from the perspective of the phase rule (Section 7.2.1). The general theory of phase boundaries will then be developed (Section 7.2.2) and illustrated (Section 7.2.3) for some simple elemental and molecular substances. These representative examples will serve to illustrate the bewildering multiplicity of phase forms and properties that are possible even in the simple c = 1 limit. 

This novel effect has been termed non-Faradaic electrochemical modification of catalytic activity (NEMCA effect [5-15]) or electrochemical promotion [16] or in situ controlled promotion [20]. Its importance in catalysis and electrochemistry has been discussed by Haber [18], Pritchard [16] and Bockris [17], respectively. In addition to the group which first reported this new phenomenon [5-7], the groups of Lambert [12], Haller [10], Sobyanin [8], Comninellis [13], Pacchioni [21] and Stoukides [11] have also made important contributions in this area, which has been reviewed recently [14,15]. In this review the main phenomenological features of NEMCA for oxidation reactions are briefly surveyed and the origin of the effect is discussed in the light of recent kinetic, surface spectroscopic and quantum mechanical investigations. 

Section 2 presents nomenclature and a theoretical background. Sections 3 cind 4 review, respectively, (i) self-diffusion of polymers in solution and (ii) probe diffusion through polymer solutions. Section 5 notes other experimental papers that do not lend themselves to our analytic approach. Section 6 treats experimented studies on polymers in porous media and true gels. Section 7 treats universal phenomenological features in our lncdysis. Section 8 summarizes conclusions. 

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