Pharmaceutical companies practices

R D management tends to be dominated by a project management paradigm, and most organizations develop systems based upon standard project management software, for example, Microsoft Project . This is very useful for project control, but of much less help in decision support. John Gittins claimed in 1997 [10] that very few pharmaceutical companies practice use of decision analysis in planning their work. Decisions tend to be made only for a baseline plan, and typically... 

Two decades ago, there was a growing awareness of the inappropriateness and harmfulness of prescribing neuroleptics to elderly patients ( Antipsychotic Drug Therapy, 1988 Gomez et al., 1990 Sherman, 1987). The use of neuroleptics for the behavioral control of the elderly produces toxicity even more readily than in younger patients, and it cannot substitute for needed human services. Sherman (1987) called into question the pharmaceutical company practice of placing advertisements for neuroleptics like Haldol and Navane in journals with a geriatric-practice orientation. 

A low accuracy of models for prediction of log D at any pH would not encourage the use of these models for practical applications in industry. Thus, it is likely that the methods for log D prediction at fixed pH that are developed in house by pharmaceutical companies will dominate in industry. However, log D measurements... 

Test facilities in the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) member countries that conduct regulatory studies must comply with the OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP), as set out in Council Decision C(97)186/Final. These are referred to as GLP Principles. GLP came into prominence in the late 1970s in response to some malpractice in research and development activities of pharmaceutical companies and contract... 

The knowledge and application of pharmaceutical and clinical calculations are essential for the practice of pharmacy and related health professions. Many calculations have been simplified by the shift from apothecary to metric system of measurements. However, a significant proportion of calculation errors occur because of simple mistakes in arithmetic. Further, the dosage forms prepared by pharmaceutical companies undergo several inspections and quality control tests. Such a luxury is almost impossible to find in a pharmacy or hospital setting. Therefore it is imperative that the health care professionals be extremely careful in performing pharmaceutical and clinical calculations. In the present chapter, a brief introduction is provided for the three systems of measurement and their interconversions ... 

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