Petroleum hydrocarbons sublethal effects

Exposure to oil pollution can cause sublethal effects on marine biota, such as reduced growth rate and reproductive failure. The type and severity of the effect depends on (1) the concentration of petroleum, (2) length of exposure, (3) persistence and bioavailability of specific hydrocarbons, and (4) the ability of organisms to accumulate and metabolize... 

Connell DW, Miller GJ. 1980. Petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic ecosystems Behavior and effects of sublethal concentrations Part 1. Crit Rev Environ Control 11(1) 37-104. 

Connell, D.W., and G.J. Miller. 1981b. Petroleum hydrocarbons in aquatic ecosystems—behavior and effects of sublethal concentrations Part 2. CRC Critical Reviews in Environmental Control 11 105-162. 

---

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ , ]

---