Petrochemical effluent

Texier AC, Zepeda A, Gomez J, Cuervo-Lopez F. Simultaneous elimination of carbon and nitrogen compounds of petrochemical effluents by nitrification and denitrification. Chapter 6. In Patel V (ed.), Petrochemicals. Rijeka, Croatia Intech 2012, pp. 101-134. Available at http //www.intechopen.com. Accessed June 3,2013. 

A petrochemical effluent of moderate toxicity being discharged to a sewage treatment works. 

Refinery process Petrochemical effluent B Refinery wastewater... 

In contrast to the refinery process effluent A, the petrochemical effluent B was much higher in COD, carbon and ammonium (Table 10.4). Biodegradation of the undiluted effluent began immediately and continued at a rate of around 3.5-4.0mgO2/l/h over the 14 day incubation period, with O2 uptake failing to reach a plateau (Figure 10.5). 

Figure 10.5 Petrochemical effluent B biodegradation and ecotoxicity over 14 days.

Figure 10.6 Petrochemical effluent B (25% dilution) cumulative BOD, COD removal and levels of total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) during incubation at 20°C (values are the averages for duplicate flasks).

Table 10.5 Results of toxicity tests with the petrochemical effluent B.

The results of this study demonstrated that there are a number of advantages in using combined toxicity and biodegradation assessments to improve the hazard and risk assessment of refinery/petrochemical effluents. The results indicated that... 

Figure 14. Comparison ofUV spectra of composite and grab samples of a petrochemical effluent.

Figure 16. Comparison between biodegradation and photodegradation tests for petrochemical effluents [26],...

Chirila E., 2000, Study about analytical control in tertiary treatment stage of petrochemical effluents, Rev.Chim. (Bucharest), 51, 638-643. 

Simultaneous Elimination of Carbon and Nitrogen Compounds of Petrochemical Effluents by Nitrification and Denitrification... 

Tlnis problem mainly affects petrochemical effluents. A large proportion of refinery WW is relatively sterile dnd takes a long time to seed because of its high pH (spent caustic) or its origin (condensates). In some particular units (lubricating oils) or in petrochemical plants (urea, acetic acid, aldehydes), anaerobic or aerobic fermentation can develop. As a result, strict conditions must be enforced for preserving samples between sample-taking and analysis. 

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