Peter Martyr

Whymper, whose writings are accepted as classics on the subject, includes a chapter on the history and growth of the cacao industry (1921) (75). Quotations from Prescott (1843) (62), Peter Martyr (1526) (61), and UeCandolle (1883) (18), and popular accounts that are current in sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth century news journals, and references to Humboldt s travels (1799) (38) and to the famous scholar and physician Henry Stubbe (1662) (67) make interesting reading which invites a study of the original sources. 

Peter Martyr, De Nuovo Orbe, or History of the West Indies, tr. by R. Eden, London, 1612 (see 5th Decade Division). 

See also Navarrete iii, 474. Peter Martyr says, in the year before the expedition of Nicuesa and Hojeda , which was in 1509. 

Here there is clearly a mistake, one going east and the other north, yet both coming to Chabaca and Pintigron. It can only be decided whether the mistake is in the evidence of Pinzon or of Ledesma by ascertaining the positions of Chabaca and Pintigron and the explanation is afforded by Peter Martyr in his second Decade He there says that Pinzon turned his course to the east ( towards... 

It may be held for certain that no one would have undertaken to go on voyages of discovery, and that neither the Indies nor any part of them would have been made known if the Admiral had not led the way. This is proved by sixteen hearsay witnesses, by forty-one who believed it, by twenty who knew it, and by thirteen who gave evidence that in their belief the Admiral made his discoveries before anyone else whatever. Peter Martyr also gives the same testimony in his first Decade, chapters 8 and 9. This author deserves more credit than any of those who have written in Latin, because he was in Castille at the time, and knew all the explorers, and they were glad to tell him all they had seen and discovered, as a man in authority and because he made his inquiries with a view to writing, as we mentioned in the prologue of the history. 

Na uirrcte iii, 558. Peter Martyr (Dec. l, Lib. x) says that Yahez turned his course to his left hand, by the east, to Paria, and among the princes who came to him were Chiauaccha and Pintguanus. 

Ciguatera poisoning was first reported by Peter Martyr, historian of the Americas, in the West Indies (Martyr 1555). Spanish sailors were also reported to have ciguatera as early as 1606 in the Pacific (Helfrich 1964). The famous voyager Captain James Cook reported an outbreak in the South Pacific in 1774 symptoms coincide with those evident today (Cook 1777). 

Martyr P (1555) De Orbe Novo, The eight decades of Peter Martyr dAnghera . Quoted in Gudger EW (1930) Poisonous fishes and fishes poisonings, with special reference to ciguatera in the West Indies. Am J Trop Med 10 43-55. 

Peter Reiss, INAC/SPrAM (UMR 5819 CEA-CNRS-Univ. J. Fourier-Grenoble I), Laboratoire d Electronique Moleculaire Organique et Hybride, CEA Grenoble, 17 Rue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France... 

Fisherman (piscator) is an allusion to the apostle Peter, who, according to tradition, was martyred at Rome. 

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